TPO托福阅读练习题37及参考答案（十一）

　　Paragraph 5 Long-distance trade in obsidian probably gave the elite residents of Teotihuacán access to a wide variety of exotic good, as well as a relatively prosperous life. Such success may have attracted immigrants to Teotihuacán. In addition, Teotihuacán's elite may have consciously attempted to attract new inhabitants. It is also probable that as early as 200 B.C. Teotihuacán may have achieved some religious significance and its shrine (or shrines) may have served as an additional population magnet. Finally, the growing population was probably fed by increasing the number and size of irrigated fields.

　　11. Select the TWO answer choices that are mentioned in paragraph 5 as being features of Teotihuacán that may have attracted immigrants to the city. To receive credit, you must select TWO answers.

　　○The prosperity of the elite

　　○Plenty of available housing

　　○Opportunities for well-paid agricultural employment

　　○The presence of one or more religious shrines

　　Paragraph 6 The picture of Teotihuacán that emerges is a classic picture of positive feedback among obsidian mining and working, trade, population growth, irrigation, and religious tourism. The thriving obsidian operation, for example, would necessitate more miners, additional manufacturers of obsidian tools, and additional traders to carry the goods to new markets. All this led to increased wealth, which in turn would attract more immigrants to Teotihuacán. The growing power of the elite, who controlled the economy, would give them the means to physically coerce people to move to Teotihuacán and serve as additions to the labor force. More irrigation works would have to be built to feed the growing population, and this resulted in more power and wealth for the elite.

　　12. In paragraph 6, the author discusses the "The thriving obsidian operation" in order to

　　○explain why manufacturing was the main industry of Teotihuacán

　　○give an example of an industry that took very little time to develop in Teotihuacán

　　○Illustrate how several factors influenced each other to make Teotihuacán a powerful and wealthy city

　　○explain how a successful industry can be a source of wealth and a source of conflict at the same time

　　The city of Teotihuacán, which lay about 50 kilometers northeast of modern-Day Mexico City, began its growth by 200-100 B.C. At its height, between about A.D. 150 and 700, it probably had a population of more than 125,000 people and covered at least 20 square kilometers.  ■It had over 2,000 apartment complexes, a great market, a large number of industrial workshops, an administrative center, a number of massive religious edifices, and a regular grid pattern of streets and buildings.  ■Clearly, much planning and central control were involved in the expansion and ordering of this great metropolis.  ■Moreover, the city had economic and perhaps religious contacts with most parts of Mesoamerica (modern Central America and Mexico). ■

　　13. Look at the four squares [■] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.

　　In fact, artifacts and pottery from Teotihuacán have been discovered in sites as far away as the Mayan lowlands, the Guatemalan highlands, northern Mexico, and the Gulf Coast of Mexico.

　　Where would the sentence best fit?

　　14. Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some sentences do not belong in the summary because they express that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points.

　　Teotihuacán was a highly developed city in Mesoamerica that reached its peak between about A.D. 150 and 700.

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　　Answer choices

　　1. The number and sophistication of the architectural, administrative, commercial, and religious features of Teotihuacan indicate the existence of centralized planning and control.

　　2. Teotihuacán may have developed its own specific local religion as a result of the cultural advances made possible by the city's great prosperity.

　　3. As a result of its large number of religious shrines, by the first century A.D., Teotihuacan become the most influential.

　　4. Several factors may account for Teotihuacán's extraordinary development, including its location, rich natural resources, irrigation potential, intelligent elite, and the misfortune of rival communities.

　　5. In many important areas, from the obsidian industry to religious tourism, Teotihuacán's success and prosperity typified the classic positive feedback cycle.

　　6.  Although many immigrants settled in Teotihuacán between A.D.150 and 700, the increasing threat of coerced labor discouraged further settlement and limited Teotihuacán's population growth.

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