TPO托福阅读练习题37及参考答案（十一）

　　1. The word massive in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　○ancient

　　○carefully

　　○very large

　　○carefully protected

　　2. In paragraph 1, each of the following is mentioned as a feature of the city of Teotihuacán between A.D. 150 and 700 EXCEPT

　　○regularly arranged streets

　　○several administrative centers spread across the city

　　○many manufacturing workshops

　　○apartment complexes

　　Paragraph 2 How did this tremendous development take place, and why did it happen in the Teotihuacán Valley? Among the main factors are Teotihuacán's geographic location on a natural trade route to the south and east of the Valley of Mexico, the obsidian resources in the Teotihuacán Valley itself, and the valley's potential for extensive irrigation. The exact role of other factors is much more difficult to pinpoint―for instance, Teotihuacán's religious significance as a shrine, the historical situation in and around the Valley of Mexico toward the end of the first millennium B.C., the ingenuity and foresightedness of Teotihuacán's elite, and, finally, the impact of natural disasters, such as the volcanic eruptions of the late first millennium B.C.

　　3. The word pinpoint in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　○identify precisely

　　○make an argument for

　　○describe

　　○understand

　　4. The word ingenuity in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　○ambition

　　○sincerity

　　○faith

　　○cleverness

　　5. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph 2 as a main factor in The development of Teotihuacán?

　　○The presence of obsidian in the Teotihuacán Valley

　　○The potential for extensive irrigation of Teotihuacán Valley lands

　　○A long period of volcanic inactivity in the Teotihuacán Valley

　　○Teotihuacán's location on a natural trade route

　　Paragraph 2 How did this tremendous development take place, and why did it happen in the Teotihuacán Valley? Among the main factors are Teotihuacán's geographic location on a natural trade route to the south and east of the Valley of Mexico, the obsidian resources in the Teotihuacán Valley itself, and the valley's potential for extensive irrigation. The exact role of other factors is much more difficult to pinpoint―for instance, Teotihuacán's religious significance as a shrine, the historical situation in and around the Valley of Mexico toward the end of the first millennium B.C., the ingenuity and foresightedness of Teotihuacán's elite, and, finally, the impact of natural disasters, such as the volcanic eruptions of the late first millennium B.C.

　　Paragraph 3 This last factor is at least circumstantially implicated in Teotihuacán's rise. Prior to 200 B.C., a number of relatively small centers coexisted in and near the Valley of Mexico. Around this time, the largest of these centers, Cuicuilco, was seriously affected by a volcanic eruption, with much of its agricultural land covered by lava. With Cuicuilco eliminated as a potential rival, any one of a number of relatively modest towns might have emerged as a leading economic and political power in Central Mexico. The archaeological evidence clearly indicates, though, that Teotiluacan was the center that did arise as the predominant force in the area by the first century A.D.

　　6. Which of the following can be inferred from paragraphs 2 and 3 about the Volcanic eruptions of the late first millennium B.C.?

　　○They were more frequent than historians once thought.

　　○They may have done more damage to Teotihuacán than to neighboring centers.

　　○They may have played a major role in the rise of Teotihuacán.

　　○They increased the need for extensive irrigation in the Teotihuacán Valley

　　7. What can be inferred from paragraph 3 about Cuicuilco prior to 200 B.C.?

　　○It was a fairly small city until that date.

　　○It was located outside the Valley of Mexico.

　　○It emerged rapidly as an economical and political center.

　　○Its economy relied heavily on agriculture.

　　8. The word predominant in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　○most aggressive

　　○most productive

　　○principal

　　○earliest

　　Paragraph 4 It seems likely that Teotihuacán's natural resources―along with the city elite's ability to recognize their potential―gave the city a competitive edge over its neighbors, The valley, like many other places in Mexican and Guatemalan highlands, was rich in obsidian. The hard volcanic stone was a resource that had been in great demand for many years, at least since the rise of the Olmecs (a people who flourished between 1200 and 400 B.C.), and it apparently had a secure market. Moreover, recent research on obsidian tools found at Olmecs sites has shown that some of the obsidian obtained by the Olmecs originated near Teotihuacán. Teotihuacán obsidian must have been recognized as a valuable commodity for many centuries before the great city arose.

　　9. Which of the following allowed Teotihuacán to have "a competitive edge over its neighbors"?

　　○A well-exploited and readily available commodity

　　○The presence of a highly stable elite class

　　○Knowledge derived directly from the Olmecs about the art of tool making

　　○Scarce natural resources in nearby areas such as those located in what are now the Guatemalan and Mexican highlands

　　10. According to paragraph 4, what has recent research on obsidian tools found at Olmec sites shown?

　　○Obsidian's value was understood only when Teotihuacán became an important city.

　　○The residents of Teotihuacán were sophisticated toolmakers.

　　○The residents of Teotihuacán traded obsidian with the Olmecs as early as 400 B.C.

　　○Some of the obsidian used by the Olmecs came from the area around Teotihuacán.