分析听力讲座中的直线结构文章

此类文章通常都是通过一个具体的例子来说明一个抽象的道理，往往文章开头先直接介绍一个道理，而这个道理呢是较为复杂和抽象的，单言语论证没法说清楚，于是教授便会用一个具体的案例来加以解释，而文章的核心正是在详细介绍这个案例上，最后教授则又会回到文章开头的道理上，来进行前后呼应。同样以一篇具体的文章为例，该文章是一篇考古类讲座，文章一开始，教授就直截了当地指出：

‘One of the frustrating things about archaeology, especially for beginning students, is that the oriesare constantly evolving. A theory that's been accepted for many years may suddenly be called into question.’（有时一个已经被广为接受的理论也会突然被质疑）

然后在学生表示不解后，教授就用了一个具体的事例来做进一步的解释：

‘Take the theory about the earliest permanent settlements. They were found in an area to the east of the Mediterranean Sea called the Levant. And the people who lived there were the Natufians.’（最早定居人类纳图夫人的例子）

文章提出，该类人经历了两次生活方式的转变，从游牧到定居，第二次定居的证据是确凿无疑的。

‘No one is contesting that these people, probably descendants of the Natufians, were indeed sedentary by 11,500 years ago.’，

但是第一次定居的证据却是有疑问的，我们本来以为的铁证也出现了漏洞：

‘There's evidence, but some archaeologists have questioned the criteria used to identify permanent settlements.’

随后罗列了三处质疑的点来推翻以前的观点：

‘Researchers point to the lack of grain remnants in these earlier structures.’（建筑物中的谷物残留物很少），‘And another problemthey point to is that most early settlements have only one of these so-called storage structures.’（遗址只有一个所谓的谷物储存地），‘The materials used to make the stone mortars did originally come from quite a distance.’（用来制作石钵的原料是来自很遥远的地方）

以此有力地论证了文章开篇部分提出的主观点：哪怕是已经被当真的理论也会突然就被发现是有问题的。

好了，以上就是直线结构讲座常见的四小分类，你都了解了吗？之后在练习中如果遇到直线结构的文章，也可以在听完后自己试着分一下类别哦。