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八年级英语下册学习辅导资料-第六章-学习新词语
2017-07-05 11:19
来源:网络
作者:佚名
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词语辨析
1。neat, tidy
neat 指令人赏心悦目的整齐和有序的状态,
I‟m thinking about playing tennis this afternoon. 我正在考虑今天下午打网球。
Why don‟t you thinking about going to the USA for your holidays? 你为什么不考虑一下到美国去度假呢? (也可以用think of 来代替think about。)
例如:a neat room 整洁的房间,neat hair 整齐的头发
The whole region is covered with neat rows of new building.整个区域覆盖着整齐的新楼房。 tidy 强调考究的布置和次序。例如:
When she saw me come in tidy and well dressed, she even smiled. 当她看到我穿着整洁,服装考究地进来时,她甚至笑了。
2。used to do sth., be used to do sth., be used to doing sth. 这三个结构非常容易混淆。
(1)used to do sth. 表示过去常常做某事,而现在这件事情已经不再继续了。例如:
My father used to smoke a lot until the doctor told him there was a lung problem with him. 我爸爸过去吸烟很厉害,直到医生告诉他,他的肺部出了问题。
(2)be used to do sth. 是被动语态,表示“被用来做什么”的意思。例如:
Plastic can be used to make all kinds of things. 塑料可以被用来制成各种各样的东西。
(3)be used to doing sth. 表示“习惯于、适应于”的意思。例如:
The Smiths are used to living in Shanghai now. 斯密斯一家已经习惯住在上海的生活了
3。try doing sth., try to do sth.
try doing sth. 表示“尝试做某事”, 例如:
Please try working on this computer. Don‟t worry if you can‟t.
请试着操作这台电脑,不会用也不必担心。
We tried working out the problem in another way. 我们试图用另一种方法解出这道题。
try to do sth. 表示“努力做某事”,例如:
I tried to describe what I saw on the scene to the police.
我努力向警方描述我在现场所看到的一切。
Please try to work on this computer. 请尽力操作好这台电脑。
4。go on to do sth., go on doing sth.
go on to do sth. 表示“继续去做(另一件事)”,例如:
After he finished his homework, he went on to read China Daily. 他完成作业后,接着读《中国日报》。
After he finished doing his homework, he went on to watch TV. 他做完作业后,接着去看电视了。
go on doing sth. 表示“继续做某事(与原来相同的事)”,例如:
He relaxed for a while and went on writing the report. 他休息一会后继续写报告。
5。go for a holiday 去度假,
go for 后常常加名词,表示“去做某事”,常见的词组还有:
go for a swim 去游泳;go (out ) for a walk 去散步;go (out) for a picnic/barbecue 去野餐/去烧烤。
6。be excellent for 非常适合于 例如:
This court is excellent for playing tennis. 这个场地非常适合于打网球。
France is excellent for travelling. 法国非常值得去旅游。
7。such as 例如;诸如 例如:
I need a reference book such as a dictionary. 我需要一本参考书,诸如字典之类的。
Fatty foods such as French fries are bad for your health. 像薯条这样的高脂食品对你的健康有害。
People grow crops, such as wheat and sunflowers in this area. 人们在这个区域里种植小麦和向日葵这样的庄稼。
8。the same ...as 与...一样 例如:
He is the same age as his sister because they are twins. 他与他姐姐是同龄的,因为他们是双胞胎。
The shirt is the same size as that one. 这件衬衣的尺寸与那件是一样的。
9。enable sb. to do sth. 使某人有能力作谋事 例如:
A bird‟s wings enable it to fly. 鸟的翅膀使鸟能飞。
This dictionary enables you to understand English words. 这本辞典使你能理解英语词汇。
重 点 句 子
1. France is calling. 法国正在向您召唤! 动词call有如下的含义:
召唤,号召。例如:
Can you call everybody in for lunch? 你能把大家都叫进来吃饭么?
喊,嚷:例如:
“Breakfast is ready”, She called. 吃早饭了,她喊了一声。
请„„来。例如:
He was so ill that we had to call the doctor. 他病得很重,我们只好把大夫请来了。
取名,把„„叫做。例如:
They called the baby Simon. 他们为这个孩子取名叫西蒙。 打电话。例如:
I‟ll call you later. 我晚点打电话给你。
【常见搭配】:
be called 名字叫做。例如:
What‟s your teacher called? 你们老师怎么称呼? She‟s called Mrs Gray. 我们叫她格雷太太。
call somebody back 给某人回电话。例如:
I can‟t talk now- I‟ll call you back later. 我现在说话不方便----待会儿再给您回电话吧。
call for somebody 顺路到某人家约之同行。例如:
Rose often calls for me in the morning and we walk to school together. 罗斯常常在早上找我一起步行去上学。
call in 访问,拜访。例如:
I‟ll call in to see you this evening. 我今天晚上去探望您。
call off 取消原计划,放弃原计划。
例如:
We called off the race because it was raining. 因为下雨,我们取消了这场比赛。
2. Now that winter is behind us, many people are starting to think about going abroad for the summer holidays. 既然冬天已经过去,许多人开始计划暑假去国外旅游。
(1)now that 由于,既然。相当于because of the fact that. 例如:
Now that the children have left home, we can move to a smaller house.
既然孩子们都已经从家里搬出去了,我们也可以搬到一套小一点的房子去了。
【注意】:now that通常用来表示众所周知的原因,而非because那样可能表示比较深层次的或隐含的原因。例如:
Now that you mention it, I do remember. 既然你说了,我就会记住的。
Now that you have grown up, you must stop this childish behavior. 既然你已经长大了,那么你就应该改掉这种幼稚的行为。
(2)start to do sth. 开始做„„,着手做„„例如:
After waiting for an hour, the clients started to complain. 等了一个小时之后,顾客们开始抱怨了。
She started to play the piano when she was five years old. 她五岁开始学弹钢琴。
【注意】:我们同样也可以说成start doing sth. 例如:
They started planting trees in the school garden at 9 o‟clock this morning. 他们今天上午9点开始在学校花园里种树。
(3)think about doing sth. 考虑做„„例如:
I‟m thinking about playing tennis this afternoon. 我正在考虑今天下午打网球。
Why don‟t you think about going to the USA for your holidays? 你为什么不考虑一下去美国度假呢?
【注意】:think about 可以用think of 来代替。abroad 相当于 in/ to another country. 意为:在海外,往国外。由于abroad 是个副词,表示“在/到国外”时,前面不能加介词。例如:
Mary goes abroad for her holidays every year. 玛丽每年都出国度假。
My brother has never been abroad before, so he is finding this trip very exciting. 我弟弟以前从未出过国,所以他觉得这次旅行十分令人兴奋。
overseas(国外)是其同义词,home(在本国)是其反义词。go abroad 意为:出国,去国外。
3. This year, why not spread your wings and visit France? 今年,何不走远一些到法国去呢?
(1)why not 为何不 why not, why don‟t you 与what about 这三个句式是可以相互转换的。例如:
Why not start the meeting at once? 为何不现在就开会?
Why don‟t you start the meeting at once? 为何不现在就开会?
What about starting the meeting at once? 现在就开会,如何?
(2) spread one‟s wings 是个俚语,相当于start to fly,travel more widely,go somewhere further away
than normal. 意为:展翅高飞。
4. The centre of France is a big, agricultural region, growing crops such as wheat and sunflowers,… 法国中部是广阔的农业区,种植小麦和向日葵等农作物,„„
agriculture(n.) 农业 agricultural (adj.) 农业的
(1)such as 是:例如,诸如的意思。例如:
Fatty food such as French fries are bad for your health. 像薯条这样的高脂食品对你的健康有害。
People grow crops, such as wheat and sunflowers in this area. 这个地区种植如小麦和向日葵这样的庄稼。
【词义辨析】:for example, such as 和like上述三个词都有:例如的意思。
for example 作“例如”讲的时候,一般指以同类事物或人中的“一个”为例,作插入语,用逗号隔开,可置于句首,句中,句末。例如:
A lot of things are invisible in the world. For example, air is invisible. 世界上许多东西是肉眼看不见的。例如,空气就是看不见的。
He, for example, is a good student. 例如,他就是个好学生。
such as 用来列举同类人或事物中的若干个例子。例如:
Some of the European languages come from Latin, such as French, Italian and Spanish. 有些欧洲语言来源于拉丁语系,例如,法语,意大利语和西班牙语。
Boys such as John and James are very friendly. 像约翰和詹姆斯这样的男孩都很友好。
【注意】:such as 的后面没有逗号。
like 也常常用来表示举例,可与such as 互换。但such as用于列举时可以分开使用,此时不可以与like 互换。例如:
Some warm-blooded animals, like/such as the cat, the dog or the wolf, do not need to hibernate. 一些温血动物,如猫,狗和狼都不需要冬眠。
He has several such reference books as dictionaries and handbooks. 他有几本像字典,手册之类的参考书。
(2)growing crops such as wheat and flowers 在句子中是现在分词短语作后置定语,用于修饰之前
的region。因此,本句也可以用定语从句来表示:The centre of France is a big, agricultural region which grows crops such as wheat and sunflowers.
重点词组:
1. now that 既然,由于(众所周知的原因)
2. think about doing sth. 考虑做
3. go abroad for the summer holidays出国去过暑假
4. why not 为何不
5.go on forever一望无际
6.seem to 看上去
7.(be) covered with被„„所覆盖
8.used to do sth. 过去常常做
9. an hour away from 距离„„一小时的路程
10. try doing sth.尝试做„„
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