托福阅读背景知识（一）

一、托福阅读背景知识：“月球村moon village”

　　Head of the European Space Agency, Johann-Dietrich Woerner has revealed ideas for an international ‘Moon Village’ that combines the capabilities of space-faring nations around the world.

　　欧洲航天局(ESA)的负责人约翰-迪特里希?韦尔纳已经公布了国际“月球村”的想法，这个计划将联合全世界航天水平先进的国家的力量。

　　This settlement - which could be available by 2030 - would be built using natural resources from the lunar surface to create a permanent base for the purpose of science, business, and even tourism.

　　这个开拓地——有可能在2030年前可供使用——将利用来自月球表面的自然资源进行建设，为科学、商业甚至是旅游业提供永久性的基地。

　　Woerner describes the proposed Moon Village in a recent video released by the Esa.

　　韦尔纳在欧洲航天局最近发布的一段视频中描述了这个提议中的“月球村”。

　　The expert recommends settlement at the poles or in areas of constant daylight on the far side of the moon.

　　这位专家建议将“月球村”建设在月球两极，或建设在月球远端能够长期暴露于日光下的区域。

　　At the South Pole, in a region of continuous darkness, humans could access water to produce hydrogen and oxygen.

　　月球南极是一个持续黑暗的区域，在这里，人类能够接触到水，以生产氢和氧。

　　And in the shadow of the moon, he explains, settlers would be protected from incoming cosmic and solar radiation.

　　他解释称，在月球的阴影里，开拓者们将免于受到宇宙和太阳辐射的伤害。

　　The Moon Village idea aims to be a versatile facility that opens the door for deeper space exploration, while also acting as a hub for business or mining.

　　“月球村”的目的是建立一个多种用途的设施，为进行更深入的太空探索创造条件，同时还能用作一个商业或采矿的中心。

　　And, the expert says it could be used recreationally for tourists.

　　此外，这位专家称，这里可以被用作游客们的游憩场所。

　　While many nations – in particular the US – have their sights set on the journey to Mars, Woerner says a Moon Village is a closer reality.

　　虽然很多国家——尤其是美国——把目标定在火星之旅上，但韦尔纳称，“月球村”是一种更加贴近现实的做法。

　　The ESA Director General says the Moon Village would join American, Russian, Chinese, Indian, and Japanese space agencies, along with smaller contributions from other countries.

　　这位欧洲航天局负责人称，“月球村”将联合美国、俄罗斯、中国、印度和日本的航空机构，其他一些国家也将贡献自己的微薄之力。