托福考试阅读技巧（一）

一、托福考试阅读技巧一:抓关键词，准确定位

考生在做题过程中，要熟练掌握根据关键词进行定位的技巧。这一技巧可以帮助大家加快解题速度，提高正确率。因为大部分托福阅读题目考查的是考生对文章细节的理解，答案基本上都能在文章中找到。拿到一个题目，我们先找题干中可以用来定位的关键词，比如专有名词、数字、符号等，然后根据关键词回到原文进行定位。有时候文章中不一定会出现和关键词一模一样的词，但很可能是关键词的同义替换词。

那么关键词怎么抓呢?一是看逻辑信号词;二是读句子的时候一定牢记只看主干!

下面我们就以托福TPO25中的文章The Decline of Venetian Shipping为例，说说如何巧抓关键词。

　　TPO25-2 The Decline of Venetian Shipping：

　　Paragraph 2 This decline can be seen clearly in the changes that affected Venetian shipping and trade. First， Venic’s intermediary functions in the Adriatic Sea， where it had dominated the business of shipping for other parties， were lost to direct trading. In the fifteenth century there was little problem recruiting sailors to row the galleys (large ships propelled by oars)： guilds (business associations) were required to provide rowers， and through a draft system free citizens served compulsorily when called for. In the early sixteenth century the shortage of rowers was not serious because the demand for galleys was limited by a move to round ships (round-hulled ships with more cargo space)， with required fewer rowers. But the shortage of crews proved to be a greater and greater problem， despite continuous appeal to Venic’s tradition of maritime greatness. Even though sailors’ wages doubled among the northern Italian cities from 1550 to 1590， this did not elicit an increased supply.

　　以上算得上是托福阅读中较长的段落了，在快速阅读这个段落的时候我们要找的关键词是：逻辑信号词—如段落中所标示的first， but， this… 我们不难发现这些信号词所在的句子基本都是解题的信息点。那么在做题定位时不妨多加留意。当然，抓住这些关键词并不难，难在理解。