托福写作——技巧

　　托福综合写作满分范文：

　　The lecturer talks about research conducted by a firm that used the group system to handle their work. He says that the theory stated in the passage was very different and somewhat inaccurate when compared to what happened in reality.

　　First, some members got free rides. That is, some didn’t work hard but got recognition for the success nontheless. This also indicates that people who worked hard were not given recognition they should have gotten. In other words, they weren’t given the opportunity to “shine”. This directly contradicts what the passage indicates.

内容

　　(一)文章结构

　　结构一般是Introduction，Body三段，Conclusion。introduction交代自己的观点，大约60字左右。body从三个方面具体论证，每段约100字。conclusion用1-3句话总结自己的观点，40字左右。

　　开头段可以用介绍背景，列举对立观点，提问，个人事例或名人轶事或和引用名人名言。以背景法为例，背景法一般解释争议话题背后的根源，或值得关注的现象，或者是由远到近、由大到小地谈论紧扣论题的社会观点作为背景。

　　背景法开头段的结构通常是：背景+话题+反方观点+(反方理由)+过度+(正方观点)+作者的观点+作者的理由。

　　以一个独立写作试题为例：　Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: classmates and partner can communicate with each other face to face to finish the project more better than by sending e-mail.考生可以写The advancement of technology has introduced countless forms of communication. Cell phones, text messaging and programs like Twitter make it easy to talk with anybody, anywhere. Although technology has made communicating very easy, these forms sometimes are too detached and can lead to many misunderstandings. I still think the best way to have a conversation with someone is face to face.这样，既交代了时代背景，又说明了自己的立场，逻辑清晰。

　　中间段落的文章结构：过渡词+中心句+支持论据。在平时写作中就要学习这种结构，考试时就训练有素 。

　　其中过渡词可以是表顺序：firstly, secondly, finally (last but not least);表并列：besides, in addition;表对比：in contrast, in comparison，on the contrary。这些衔接词会让文章看起来脉络清晰，组织严密，也就做到了评分标准中的"well-organized"一条。

　　(二)主题句

　　主题句是考官考核的重心。所以考生一定要写好主题句。应该注意以下几点：

　　1.必须是陈述句。有的考生习惯用中文写作的方式用些铺垫或用提问，这样主题句就不清晰，就会影响到分数。

　　2.必须标明观点。要把明确的观点写在主题句上，而不是随便写一句话。

　　3.态度必须坚决，但是不能极端。不少学生喜欢用绝对词，往往画蛇添足，用一些情态动词或表示大致范围的数量词才符合客观事实。

4.每段必须有主题句。考官是没有时间来帮助考生整理主题句的，如果考生自己不清晰的写出主题句，那考官粗略看来就少了一个论证观点。