【托福培训-阅读】新东方老师指导：如何洞悉托福阅读句子简化题思路

句子简化题是托福阅读必考题目，每篇一题，主要考察考生对复杂句子的主干信息的把握。所谓主干信息，要分清主句和从句，尤其是主句的语法主干：即主语谓语和宾语。除此以外，还有注意常考的几种信息类型，如反面或负面信息，表示比较或对比的信息等等。做到这些还不够。此题的正确选项特点是：对原句的主干信息进行同义替换，即用词汇或语法手段替换原句的主干信息。因此，如果你发现有的选项包括和原句长相非常相似的词汇，千万当心！

　　来看下面的例子：

　　Since the laws of physics, not some arbitrary decision, have determined the general form of applied-art objects, they follow basic patterns, so much so that functional forms can vary only within certain limits.

　　Which of the following best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence? Incorrect answer choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.

　　○Functional applied-art objects cannot vary much from the basic patterns determined by the laws of physics.

　　○The function of applied-art objects is determined by basic patterns in the laws of physics.

　　○Since functional applied-art objects vary only within certain limits, arbitrary decisions cannot have determined their general form.

　　○The general form of applied-art objects is limited by some arbitrary decision that is not determined by the laws of physics.

　　原句的主要信息点包括：因果关系since, 否定信息not, 强调信息only。选项C和这几个信息正好完全对应。答案却是A! 因为C把原文的因果关系完全颠倒过来了！

　　从这个题目我们可以洞察命题者的思路：设计C选项时故意保留原文的某些词汇不变，造成一种假象，吸引大家的眼球，以迷惑麻痹意志不坚定的童鞋！