【托福培训-写作】托福写作技巧：IBT写作句法组织常见问题分析

句法组织对与IBT写作能起到非常大的帮助作用，因为一篇写作文法组织得当，用词恰当的文章更能体现一个考生在英语语法方面的掌握能力，更能体现出考生使用英语语言对某一问题和看法阐述自己观点的语言能力和技巧，而IBT写作部分所要考察考生的一个终极目的便是评测考生是否能在英语语言的课堂环境或是学术环境中使用英语写出流利而出色的学术报告的能力，因此考生需要加强对写作中语言能力，尤其是英语句法的学习和把握。

　　一般来讲，考生容易在写作中出现的文法及句法错误有以下方面，本文着重从英语语言的语法结构对这些错误依次进行举例分析：

　　结构不平行: I was able to raise my TOEFL score by studying hard and I read lots of books.当使用连词将一系列的单词联接起来的时候，应当使用词性相同或同一类型的短语。

　　段落过长,不分段,主语与动词一致问题： She are a good friend of mine that I has known for a long time.主语和动词在数方面不一致。

　　句子别扭：We heated the soup in the microwave for too long and the shape of the container changed.措辞过长或不清。换言之，句子显得滑稽可笑。

　　关联词语重复：Since I want to go to a good school, therefore I am trying to raise my test scores.不能在该句的主要主语和主要动词前使用连词。

　　句子不完整： Many students have a hard time passing all the tests to get into college. For example, my friend in high school.句子没有主要主语或主要动词，因为其实它应是一个从句。这是一个非常常见的错误，修改的方法是将两个句子连接起来。

　　介词多余： I would like to discuss about something important that you mentioned about to me during yesterday. We went to downtown yesterday to buy a watch. When I first came to the US, I did not have a lot of friends in here. In class, my classmate never mentioned about her husband.在表示这种意思时此单词不能与介词连用。这种情况常见于downtown，home，there，here等词。这些词语在英语中是副词而非名词，因而不能在它们前面添加介词。

　　重复冗余：Personally，I believe what the newspaper prints. 一种意思的表述不止一次，或者某个词语不必要。

　　单数/复数错误：Many year ago, dinosaur roamed the Earths.单词需要从单数变为复数，或者由复数变成单数。单数可数名词不能单独使用，应该将其变为复数形式或者加上限定词（a, the, my, his, her, Gary"s, no, any, 1, 3, 50, most,等等）。

　　拼写错误,主语、动词或宾语有问题：I want to buy something for my mother that she will like it. There was a terrible accident happen yesterday.句子的基本结构有问题, 缺少主语、动词或宾语，或者这些成分重复。

　　语气与文章不符：I was kind of mad at the guy who vociferated angry words at me. I have heard many wonderful things about such cosmopolitan cities as Paris, London, Tokyo, and Hong Kong and I would love to visit these cities to check them out.语气与文章其他部分不相符, 可能是过于正式或者太不正式。

　　代词指代不明：If people do not speak the same language, it has a greater chance of miscommunication. I intend to complete my studies in the United States because they have good programs there. 代词所指代的指示词（介词所代替的名词）不清楚。

　　过于笼统： We should use our resources on Earth because the Earth is getting worse.句子或它所表达的意思过于笼统，不能提供多少信息。

　　动词时态错误：Yesterday I will go to the store because tomorrow I needed some food.动词时态不正确检查一下是应该用现在时、过去时、将来时还是完成时等等。

　　选词不恰当：I was late getting home because I lost my way.在这种情况下不应该使用该词可选择更好的词语或者所使用的词语与文章的总体语气不符。

　　单词形式不当：I want to creation a great web site so that I can becoming wealth.所使用的单词的形式不正确检查一下应该使用该词的名词、形容词或副词形式的哪一种。

　　用词错误：Even I don’t speak Spanish, I was able to find a bathroom in the department　store. I gained a lot of pounds during vacation.用词错误或在此种情况下该词不是最佳用词。