托福写作： 独立写作范文使用方法及误区

对于托福写作部分的范文，你的使用方法是正确的的吗?托福独立写作范文是备考中会用到的资料。通过范文，我们想要看到高分托福独立写作是什么样子，希望从优秀的范文中学到可以用在自己写作中的素材。但在使用上存在些误区，需要注意。上海新东方托福网整理的托福写作： 独立写作范文使用方法及误区，希望给大家带来帮助。

范文使用方法
　　首先，范文总体上都是有各有特点、质量较高的文章，但是在选择上，考生要注意尽量挑选话题新颖、写法全面的高质量范文资料。
　　然后，按照如下的5个步骤学习使用范文资料：
　　1、整体把握。通读范文，在阅读的过程中注意寻找文章的写作思路和主要论点，把握整体框架;
　　2、精读范文，在精读的过程中注意理清每句话之间的关系，注意句子之间的连接词和逻辑关系词语的运用;
　　3、练习翻译范文，弄懂文章中的长句子的句型以及相关的难度词汇;
　　4、记录在范文中学习到的写作思路、例子表达、句型及词汇;
　　5、再选取其他的范文重复以上步骤。
　　范文使用常见误区
　　误区一：多看范文。很多所谓的范文并不是值得学习的文章，考生要注意鉴别。在参考范文时，并不是读的越多越好，而是要读的“精”。考生在选择托福独立写作范文时，一种方式是根据话题来选择，针对每一类的托福独立写作话题(比如教育类、社会类等)选择一到两篇相关范文重点做好思路分析;或者选择根据文章的议论类型来选择范文，并不是只求数量。
　　误区二：背诵范文。很多考生对待托福独立写作范文的态度是错误的。其实范文应该带给我们思路，而不是具体的内容。考生如果希望通过背诵范文而为自己的托福独立写作提分，大多数情况下是浪费时间。大家要分析托福独立写作范文，分析开头方式、论点的展现形式、分论点的形成思路、语言的多样性、词汇的选择和文章中词汇的替换等等值得借鉴的部分。
　　所以一定要避免背诵范文这样的误区。
　　误区三：在考场上直接借鉴范文。这是考生对自己考试的不负责任。或许有考生认为，自己将范文照搬到考试中可以取得和范文一样的分数。但其实，很多好的范文是考生和考官都熟悉的，照搬相当于抄袭。
　　托福独立写作范文赏析示例：
　　托福独立写作题目：
　　It is as important for older people to study or learn new things as it is for younger people.
　　范文：
　　As people age, they tend to become more and more set in their ways. When we are young it is easy to revise our beliefs and adopt new perspectives, but over time, our thinking slowly becomes rigid. But just because this phenomenon is the norm doesn't mean that it's ideal. There are some advantages to more rigid thinking, but I think it's a good idea for old people to continue acquiring new knowledge.
　　For one thing, an increasing number of medical studies show that staying mentally active can help prevent dementia and Alzheimer's disease. When you keep your brain engaged, you can build reinforce the connections between brain cells or perhaps even create new ones. This is possibly why Alzheimer's occurs less in populations with higher levels of education. Thus, in order to live a longer and healthier life, it is recommended that elderly individuals continue to pursue cerebral activities like learning new things. Learning has tangible health rewards.
　　For another thing, continuing to acquire new knowledge will keep elderly individuals emotionally present and connected to the world. When people enter the later stages of their lives, they tend to stop adapting to societal development. Changes in society can seem to come swiftly and without warning, and upon feeling overwhelmed by the sudden alienness of the world around them, many will choose to retreat into their minds to live in simpler, more familiar times. These individuals stop trying to learn to use new technologies or grasp new ways of interacting, and so they become out of touch with those around them. A grandfather unwilling to use Skype to communicate with his grandchildren on the other side of the world, for example, will live a more emotionally impoverished life. So by continuing to acquire new knowledge, elderly individuals can better maintain their connections to others.
　　Granted, non-stop learning can be tiring and time consuming. There is a prevailing belief that old age is the time to relax and let go of such potentially stressful endeavors, and that the consequences of putting learning on hold are acceptable and even inevitable for old people. I can sympathize with this view—after a lifetime of exertion, people deserve to finally kick back—but in the end, I think that continued learning will lead to an overall increase in the quality of life for elderly individuals. Learning will require some exertion, but how enjoyable will life be if you're too senile or out-of-touch with loved ones to appreciate it? In the end, keeping your brain active will ensure that you can enjoy the time you have left to the fullest.
　　People generally accept that the older we get, the less new knowledge we acquire. People also generally accept that older people inevitably mentally degenerate and lose touch with society. If we do not relinquish the pursuit of knowledge in old age, however, then we do not have to resign ourselves to senility and alienation.
　　句式参考：
　　Changes in society can seem to come swiftly and without warning, and upon feeling overwhelmed by the sudden alienness of the world around them, many will choose to retreat into their minds to live in simpler, more familiar times.
　　状语的使用增加了这个句子的丰富度
　　I can sympathize with this view—after a lifetime of exertion, people deserve to finally kick back—but in the end, I think that continued learning will lead to an overall increase in the quality of life for elderly individuals.
　　破折号的使用是句子结构更加紧凑
　　观点展开方式：
　　第一段首句以一个现象引出主题。
　　第二段：从身体健康的方向上展开思路。
　　第三段：从情感和与外界联系方面展开思路。
　　第四段：让步，先说明尽管很多观点学习会很耗费精力，尽管老人应该享受生活，但是还是坚持认为老年人学习会有更多的益处。这里强调了观点
　　第五段：总结段

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