浅谈长难句修辞目的题的解题策略 | 托福阅读周报

2018-06-07 17:15

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托福阅读中最令人头疼的题型莫过于修辞目的题了吧，很多基础不错的学生经常会在我面前抱怨，明明读懂了文章，还是做不对这种题型。今天我们就来分析一下这种题型。

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托福阅读

讲到修辞目的题，同学们最熟悉的就是例子类的修辞目的题，这类题目往往就是问你例子在文章中的作用，还是相对比较容易找到规律的。今天要介绍一种比较特殊的修辞目的题，长难句修辞目的题。这类题目的解题方法和前者截然不同。今天我们就讲讲该如何攻破这种题型吧！

首先这种修辞目的题往往包含一个长难句，而修辞句会以一个分句或者一个词组的形式出现在这个长难句当中。然后句子中往往会包含一个重要的逻辑关系。解题的关键就是要看懂这个修辞句在这个长难句当中所扮演的逻辑作用！

举个例子，比方说文章中有这样一个长难句：小红不喜欢和小明一起学习，因为小明喜欢打小红。然后出题人会问你，为什么文章要提到小明喜欢打小红。根据前后的逻辑关系我们可以得出是为小红不喜欢和小明一起学习提供一个理由。

接下去我们来看一道例题吧。

This process of settling in as a community over several generations, combined with local recruitment, presumably accounts for the apparent stability of the British northern frontier in the later Roman period. It also explains why some of the forts continued in occupation long after Rome ceased to have any formal authority in Britain, at the beginning of the fifth century A.D. The circumstances that had allowed natives to become Romanized also led the self-sustaining military community of the frontier area to become effectively British.

Why does the author mention that “some of the forts continued in occupation long after Rome ceased to have any formal authority in Britain” ?

A. To emphasize the degree to which the stability of the British northern frontier depended on firm military control

B. To suggest that the Romans continued to occupy Britain even after they had formally given up the right to do so

C. To support the claim that forts continued to serve an import economic function even after they ceased to be of any military use

D. To describe one of the things that resulted from frontier garrisons’ becoming part of the local community over a long period

我们来看这题修辞句前面明显出现了两个逻辑信号词explain和also。

首先explain说明了我们的修辞句是一个被解释说明的现象，属于因果关系中的结果。然后这个it指代什么呢？我们可以通过also这个并列连词得到一些线索。既然修辞句出现并列连词，那么前句很有可能是一个和它并列的信息。

我们来看前句，前句的谓语动词account for等同于explain。说明前句也提到了一个因果关系。 account for的前面即我们需要找的it的指代对象。所以这句修辞句前后的因果关系我们都能找到了，即军队融入当地社区解释了为什么军队会继续在这个英国生活，即便罗马军队不再统治英国。所以修辞句的作用就是提出一个原因导致的结果。理清前后逻辑关系便很快能够选出D这个选项啦！完美！

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