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托福培训
托福考试动态
2016-09-26 11:19
来源：新东方
作者：上海新东方
可能很多同学被ACT语法常考的一些易混词折磨的心力交瘁，今天跟大家总结一些ACT 语法部分反复考到的易混词，各位小主们一定要背下来！
1. pass VS past
pass词性是动词，意思是“穿过（沿特定方向），经过”
e.g. Jane passed through the doorway into the hospital. (“pass”充当谓语动词)
past词性是介词，意思是“经过”
e.g. I dashed past him and out of the room.（“past”充当状语）
例题1：
Amelia Earhart passed into history, and from there into myth. The legend of her achievements and of her mysterious disappearance still captivates us.
A. NO CHANGE
B. past into
C. passed over
D. past over
解析：
句中主语是“Amelia”, 划线部分必须是能够充当谓语的动词，所以只能是动词“pass”，介词“past” 不能充当谓语，所以排除B,D。C “pass over” 意思是 “忽略”，意思不符合句意，所以选A
例题2：
It has no running water, electricity, or phone, and Glacier National Park is just across the river that flows past her cabin door.
A. NO CHANGE
B. passed her cabin
C. passed her cabin’s
D. past her cabin’
解析：
句中that引导的定语从句中that作主语，flow作谓语，所以划线部分应该作状语，应该选“past”, 所以选D
例题3：
Crowds of people mill about, moseying they’re way past costumed characters and colorful booths.
A. NO CHANGE
B. they’re way passed
C. their way passed
D. their way past
解析：
moseying到句尾是状语部分，所以不能接一句话，意思是“经过那些角色”。选D。
2. arise, rise, raise
arise意思是“出现”
e.g. The birds also attack crops when the opportunity arises.
rise意思是“上升”
e.g. The smoke rises in a cloud around him.
raise意思是“举起，提高，改善”
e.g. He raised his hand to wave.
例题:
1. Forten’s knowledge of ships, gained from his experiences as a sailor during the war, paid off. He rose to the position of foreman, and in 1798, Forten bought the sailmaker’s business.
A. NO CHANGE
B. had arose
C. had rose
D. raised
解析:
句中划线部分的意思是“上升到一个职位”，所以选择“rise” A
3. enlighten VS illuminate
enlighten是动词，意思是“启迪”
illuminate是动词，意思是“照亮”
例题：
1. Beams of light enlightened the exterior of the White House, and every window glowed as the work of governing continued into the night.
A. NO CHANGE
B. illuminated
C. irradiated
D. inflamed
解析：
句子意思是“光束着凉了白宫的外部”，所以选 “illuminate”
4. affect VS effect
affect是动词，意思是“影响”
effect是名词，意思是“影响”
例题:
1. This effect, my mother explained, was the result of two techniques.
A. NO CHANGE
B. affect,
C. affect
D. effect
解析：
划线部分是主语，所以必须选名词effect，所以选A
5. contract VS compress
contract词性是动词，意思是收缩（自动）
e.g. The plastic toy contracts when it is cooled.
compress词性是动词，意思是压缩（人为的）
e.g. Poor posture compresses the body’s organs.
例题:
1.The engineers called in local firefighters in the hope that spraying the leg with water to cool it would make it contract.
A.NO CHANGE
B. reduce.
C. decrease.
D. compress.
解析：
句子意思是遇冷自动收缩，所以应该选“contract”A
6. allusion VS illusion
illusion是名词，意思是“幻觉”，常见搭配是“illusion of sth.”
e.g. This new window can give the illusion of extra height.
allusion是名词，意思是 “影射，间接提到”，常见搭配是“allusion to”
e.g. He made an allusion to a secret plan in his speech.
例题：
1. We also find illusions of Shakespeare’s words in film.
A. NO CHANGE
B. illusions to
C. allusions of
D. allusions to
解析：
根据句意应该选择“影射”所以选D
7. lie, lie, lay
lie, lay, lain： 躺
lie, lied, lied 说谎
lay, laid,laid: 将—放于适当的位置，常考词组是“lay the foundation for” (为—打下基础)
例题:
1. The mathematical theorem that now bears her last name helped lie the foundation for quantum physics and allowed Einstein to formulate his theory of general relativity.
A. NO CHANGE
B. lay the foundation on
C. lie the foundation on
D. lay the foundation for
解析：
固定搭配“为—打下基础” 应该是“lay the foundation for” 所以选D
8. dual VS duel
dual是形容词，意思是“双的，双重的”
e.g. Sarah has dual nationality.
duel是名词，意思是“决斗”
e.g. They engaged in a verbal duel.
例题:
1. After completing duel bachelor’s degrees in zoology and chemistry at the University of Hawaii in 1948, Mink applied to twenty medical schools.
A. NO CHANGE
B. twice
C. second
D. dual
解析：
句中划线部分的意思是“双学位”，所以选“dual bachelor” D
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托福培训
托福考试动态
