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初中英语被动语态知识点大全（一）

初中英语被动语态

在英语的语法中，我们会见到主动语态和被动语态，主动语态是主语动作的执行者，而被动语态就是承受者。具体什么是被动语态呢？下面给出详细解析：

一、被动语态定义：

被动语态(passive voice)是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。

二、被动语态的结构

那么，英语中被动语态是怎么样构成的呢?请看下面的例句(注意划线部分)：

His bicycle was stolen.

The building has been built in 2000.

通过上面的例句，可以看出，“被动语态”的构成是：

be + 过去分词 + (by+动作执行者)

三、被动语态的运用

什么情况下要用被动语态呢?一般地说，有下面几种情况：

(1) 不知道谁是动作的执行者或没有必要。例如：

Paper is made from wood. (纸是由木材生产出来的。)

The house is quite old. It was built in 1950. (这座房子太旧了。它是1950年建成的。)

He was wounded in the fight. (他在战斗在受伤了。)

Electricity is used to run machines. (电是用来开动机器的。)

(2) 需要强调动作的对象时。例如：

Calculator can't be used in the maths exam.

(计算器不能用于数学考试。)

Books and newspapers in the reading room mustnt be taken away. (阅览室的书籍和报纸不准带走。)

He was awarded first prize in that contest.

(他在比赛中获得了第一。)

(3)为了使语气婉转，避免提到是谁做的这件事。例如：

The construction of the new lab must be completed by the end of next month. (新实验室必须在下个月底前完工。)

四、各种时态的被动语态举例

一般地讲，被动语态可用于英语的各种时态。为了能准确地运用被动语态，重点是要掌握be动词的各种时态变化。各种时态的被动语态举例如下：

1、 一般现在时的被动语态. am / is / are + 动词的过去分词

Our classroom is cleaned every day.

This car is made in China.

2、一般过去式的被动语态: was / were + 动词的过去分词

His desk was cleaned just now.

The station was built in 1928.

3、现在进行时的被动语态: am / is / are + being + 动词的过去分词

A new factory is being built in our city now.

Some trees are being cut down in the park.

4、过去进行时的被动语态: was / were + being + 动词的过去分词

A new factory was being built in our city at that time.

Some babies were being looked after by Miss Chen last year.

5、一般将来时的被动语态:

(A) will / shall + be + 动词的过去分词

(B) am / is / are + going to be +动词的过去分词.

Some new factories will be built in our city this year.

Your watch is going to be mended in an hour.

6、过去将来时的被动语态: (1).would / should + be + 动词的过去分词 (2).was / were +going to be + 动词的过去分词.

She said that some new factories would be built soon in our city.

He thought that your watch was going to be mended after an hour.

7、现在完成时的被动语态:have / has + been + 动词的过去分词

Some new factories have been built in the city since last year.

Your watch has been mended already.

8、过去完成时的被动语态:had + been + 动词的过去分词

He said that some new factories had been built in the city.

I didn’t know that my watch had been mended .

9、含情态动词的被动式：can/may/must + be + done

例如：He can not be found. / I must be paid for this.

初中英语被动语态知识点大全（二）

将语态与主谓一致结合起来命题

1. All the employees except the manager ______to work online at home. www.51jjcn.cn/yfdq/3095.html

A. encourages B. encourage C. is encouraged D. are encouraged

解析：主语是all the employees(复数) ，而不是the manager，排除答案A和C;又因all the employees与encourage是被动关系，要用被动语态，排除B，故选D。

2. A library with five thousand books _______to the nation as a gift.

A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered

解析：a library是offer的承受者，要用被动语态，排除B和D;又因主语(library) 是单数，排除C;故选A。注意：with five thousand books是a library是定语。

将语态与虚拟语气结合起来命题

—Don’t you think it necessary that he ______ to Miami but to New York?

— I agree, but the problem is ______ he has refused to.

A. will not be sent; that B. not be sent; that

C. should not be sent; what D. should not send; what

解析：因he与send是被动关系，排除D;又因it (is) necessary后的that从句的谓语要用“(should+) 动词原形”，排除选项A;答句中的表语从句不缺任何句子成分，用that;故选B。

将语态与倒装结合起来命题

Only after my friend came ______.

A. did the computer repaired B. be repaired the computer

C. was the computer repaired D. the computer was repaired

解析：因the computer与repair是被动关系，排除A;又因only加状语置于句首，要用部分倒装，排除选项D和B;故选C。

将固定短语中的名词作主语来增加句子理解难度

Good care must ______babies, particularly while they are ill.

A. take B. take of C. be taken D. be taken of

解析：由固定短语take good care of(好好照看) 是可知，good care与take是被动关系，排除A和B;选项C中又漏掉了of;故选D。

在语境中将语态与时态结合起来命题

1. The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people ______to eat more fruit and vegetables.

A. persuade B. will persuade C. be persuaded D. are persuaded

解析：因people与persuade是被动关系，排除A和B。又因为主语是一般将来时，条件句中用一般现在时，所以选D。

2. Hundreds of jobs ______if the factory closes.

A. lose B. will be lost C. are lost D. will lost

解析：因lose与jobs是被动关系，排除A和D;又因条件状语从句是一般现在时，主句中的谓语动词应当是一般将来时，故选B。

3. With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth ______each year.

A. were washed away B. is being washed away

C. are washing away D. are being washed away

解析：因good earth(沃土) 与wash away(冲走) 是被动关系，排除C;又因quantities of…作主语，谓语动词用复数，排除B;指近阶段(近些年) 正在发生的事，用现在进行时，排除A;故选D。

4. —The window is dirty. —I know. It ______ for weeks.(www.yygrammar.com)

A. hasn’t cleaned B. didn’t clean C. wasn’t cleaned D. hasn’t been cleaned

解析：由is和for weeks可知，要用现在完成时态，排除B和C;又因It (The window) 与clean是被动关系，要用被动语态，所以选D。

5. —George and Lucy got married last week. Did you go to the wedding?

—No, I ______. Did they have a big wedding?

A. was not invited B. have not been invited

C. hadn’t been invited D. didn’t invite

解析：因为I与invite是被动关系，又因为邀请应当发生在结婚之前，got married是过去，invite就该是过去的过去，所以用过去完成时的被动语态，只有C正确。

6. The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics _____ by 2006.

A. has been completed B. has completed

C. will have been completed D. will have completed

解析：因“by+将来时间”通常与将来完成时连用，所以由by 2006可排除A和B;又因为work与complete是被动关系，所以要被动语态，只有C正确。

7. Be careful when you cross this very busy street. If not, you may ______run over by a car.

A. have B. get C. become D. turn

解析：you与run over是被动关系，选项中只有get才可与过去分词run构成被动语态，故选B。

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