【高中英语】语法填空题之功能词的使用

改版后的高考对语法部分的考试是以填空题的形式成现代的，我们来分析一下考点的变化，难以程度的变化及基本的解题思路。

考点变化：

语法新题型的考点包括：动词，形容词，副词，介词，代词，情态动词，冠词，从句和倒装强调等特殊句式，其中冠词是增加的考点，在以前对考察语法的题目—语法选择题中，冠词是不做考察的。

难以程度的变化：

难易程度的变化：新的题型降低了对非谓语动词的考察，增加了状语从句的考察难度。以前的选择题中，对状语从句只考察主从句的逻辑关系，而在新题型中，除了考察主从句的逻辑关系还考察对关系词记忆（包括意义及拼写）。

基本解题思路：

1.所填的单词要保证文章的逻辑连贯及语法正确；

2.有提示词的空格，所填单词数目不限； 没有提示词的空格，每空只填一个单词；

3.提示词是动词时，要先判断填谓语动词还是非谓语动词，一定要注意，如果要填谓语动词，一定要保证所填的动词的形式（即时态和语态）及要符合该句子的要求同时也要和整篇文章在时态上保持整体一致；

4.提示词是形容词或者副词时，一般考察形容词和副词之间的变换或者其比较级或最高级，偶尔会考察其否定的前后缀；

5.没有提示词的情况下就考察功能词：冠词，代词，介词，情态动词和连词（and, or, but, not only …… but also等和从句的连词）。 这就要认真分析有空格的句子，一般情况下，名词前的空格都填冠词，偶尔也有人称代词或者指示代词； 如果空格处的单词充当句子的主语或者宾语等核心成分，一般填代词（人称代词，指示代词，不定代词，关系代词或者连接代词）； 名词或者动名词的前面一般根据句子意思填写适当的介词； 动词原形的前面要根据句子的语气天相应的情态动词； 多个句子之间要填连词。

例文及答案：

A young and successful manager was travelling down a neighborhood street, going a bit too fast in his new Jaguar, ____1_____ a brick hit the door of his Jaguar.

He jumped out of the car, ____2____ (seize) some kid and pushed him up against the parked car, shouting, “That’s a new car and that brick you threw is going to cost a lot of money. Why did you do it?” “I am sorry. I didn’t know what __3__ to do!” begged the youngster.

“It is my brother,” he said, “He fell out of his wheelchair and I can’t lift him up.”

Sobbing, the boy asked the manager, “Would you please help me get him back into his wheelchair” He ___4____ (hurt) and he is too heavy for me.”

____5_____ (move) by his words, he lifted the young man back into the wheelchair and pull out his handkerchief and wiped the scraped and cuts, ___6___ (check) to see that everything was going to be OK.

“Thank you, sir. And God bless you,” the grateful child said to him and the push his brother to the sidewalk ____7___ their home.

He never did repair the side door. He kept the dent to remind him not to go through life so fast ___8_____ someone has to throw a brick at you to get your attention.

    1.when   2. seized   3. else  4. was hurt  5. moved  6. checking  7. to  8. that

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