一、阅读理解


A


If you're looking to fully experience Africa's breathtaking scenery ,and have an eye for adventure,then there's only one place to be.Here,inside Africa picks four of the best hikes from across the continent.


1.Kilimanjaro


Make it to the top of Tanzania's 5,895-meter Kilimanjaro, and you'll be standing at Africa's highest point.The mountain is Africa's most-visited hiking destination, attracting tens of thousands of tourists and adventures every year.


You don't have to a technical climber to climb Mount Kilimanjaro;you just need not be pretty physically fit. There are six routes to choose from. difficulty, scenery and success. No special equipment


2.Atlas mountains


The High Atlas is an impressive mountainous range in central Morocco that hosts North Africa's highest peak. Mount Toubkal , at 4, 165 meters. There's a variety of routes to follow during your climb but inexperienced climbers should note that the hike through the mountain's challenging zones is quite demanding.


3. Mount Kenya


A long-extinct volcano. Mount Kenya is Africa's second-highest peak, at 5,199 meters.


Lying just south of the equator, the mountain's deep valleys and diverse wildlife will guarantee you wonderful scenery and a fantastic hiking experience.


The climb, however, to the mountain's steep ice-capped peaks is quite challenging, making it the most technical, probably, in that East African area.


4. Mount Meru


Mount Meru may forever exist in the shadow of its neighbor,Kilimanjaro, but Tanzania 's second-highest mountain (4,565 meters) has its own devotees.


It's less known, but Mount Meru is for the true enthusiast who wants to experience what very few people actually do.


Mount Meru is often used by mountaineers to accustom themselves before trying to conquer Kilimanjaro, or by those wanting a hike with the local Massai.


21. What do we know about Kilimanjaro?


A. It's comparatively easy to climb.


B. It's Africa's second highest mountain


C. Its six routes are equally difficult.


D. It lies to the east of Tanzania.


22. Why do mountaineers climb Mount Meru first before they do Kilimanjaro?


A. To avoid big crowds of climbers.


B. To hike with the local Massai.


C. To get used to the situation.


D. To experience what most people do.


23.Which is the lowest of the four?


A. Kilimanjaro.   B .Atlas mountains   


C. Mount Kenya.  D. Mount Meru


B


Lebanese filmmaker Nadine Labaki has become the first female artist in the Arab world to be nominated (提名) for an Academy Award ,or Oscar.


Labaki directed the film Capernaum, a film about a Syrian refugee (难民)boy and a Kenyan baby who live without parents on the streets of Beirut. h was nominated for best foreign language film.


Labaki will be one of the few female directors to compete for an Oscar this year. She told the Associated press "I wish there were a lot more women filmmakers this year represented,nominated inthe Oscars. But I am sure in a few years we won't be having this problem anymore.


Unlike in the West, women filmmakers are industry leaders in Lebanon.


Capernaum received a 15-minute standing ovation (热烈欢迎) at this year's Cannes Film Festival. It won the Jury Prize the third-highest award given at Cannes.


The United Nations has publicly praised the film. Lebanon's Foreign Minister said Capernaum put a Lebanese touch on the international film industry.


The Oscar nomination of Capernaum is the second for Lebanon in two years in the film group. It demonstrates the country's rising star power.


Labaki called making the movie a life-changing experience. She said Capernaumhelps humanize the real struggles of refugees only briefly talked about in the news.


We can t help but acknowledge that there is a fear of refugees in general around the world andthere are these walls we are building, and this fear that keeps growing," Labaki said.


Capernaum will compete against four other films for the Oscar, including awards season favorite Roma. Directed by Mexico's Alfonso Cuaron, it earned 10 Oscar nominations, including for best picture.


24. Where does Labaki come from?


A. Syria.  B. Kenya.  C. Lebanon.  D. Mexico.


25.What do we know from Labaki's words in Paragraph 3?


A. Few women directors have been nominated in the Oscars.


B. She was the first female artist to compete for an Oscar.


C More women directors will enter for Oscar this year.


D. Female directors have problems with their films.


26. Which of the following best describes Capernaum ?


A. It is the best foreign language film.


B. It shows the rising power of women.


C. It has won the first prize at Cannes.


D. It is highly thought of.


27. What does the underlined s it in the last paragraph refer to?


A Capernaum. B. The Oscar. C. Roma. D. Best picture.






C


Being highly successful in any field is pretty rare. It takes a combination of natural talent, luck,determination, and plenty of outside support for someone to make it big in sports, entertainment, or business. But what if competing is all that matters to you, whether you are likely to succeed or not? This was the goal of Michael Eddie the Eagle Edwards, and that he reached that goal was an amazing achievement.


Born in the U.K. in 1963, Michael was an enthusiastic downhill skier whose dream was to compete for Britain in world-class competitions. He would have liked to represent his country in the1984 Winter Olympics, but there were a large number of downhill competitors, and Edwards didn't qualify. Seeing his chance elsewhere, he switched to ski jumping. Ski jumping didn't cost nearly as much, and there was almost no competition for a place on the Britain team.


But a number of hurdles (障碍)could have meant the end of Edwards' dream. He weighed more than most competitors, which put him at a disadvantage. He had no financial support for hi, training. Poor eyesight meant that he had to wear glasses under his goggles (护目镜)- not a good thing when they steamed up at high altitudes. But he couldn't let any of this discourage him. He saw himself as a true lover of the sport who simply wanted the chance to compete.Winning wasn't the point. Having the opportunity to try was all he cared about. And nothing could stop him from trying.


In the end, Edwards took 55th place in the 1987 World Championships. He then went on to the Calgary Olympics in 1988, where he finished last in both of his events. Many athletes would have been embarrassed by this result, but he is proud of his achievement to this day. His determination to fight against all the odds made him a global hero, and in 2016, the inspiring film Eddie the Eagle was made about his life.


28. What is the purpose of the first paragraph?


A. To add some background information.


B. To uncover the secret of success.


C. To expect an answer from readers.


D. To introduce the topic.


29. Why did Michael Edwards choose ski jumping?


A. It took less skill.


B. The equipment was cheaper.


C. There was little competition.


D. It was easy to win the championship.


30. After the Calgary Olympics, Edwards________.


A. felt he had reached his goal


B. was embarrassed by his results


C. switched to film making


D. was glad it was over


31. What made Michael Edwards outstanding?


A. His determination to win.


B. His enthusiasm for the sport.


C. His attitude towards the Olympics.


D. His ability to overcome physical disabilities.






D


The world's first hydrogen- powered trains have begun running in Germany. They began carrying passengers Monday in Germany 's northern Lower Saxony state.The new train will run100-kilometer trips and can travel up to 140 kilometers an hour.


A French railroad company called Alstom built the two trains. Team in Germany and France cooperated on the project,which was supported by the German government.The new train


model ,called the Coradia ilint, signals the beginning of efforts in Germany and other nations to move away from pollution-producing diesel(柴油) trains.


The Coradia iLint is designed to run on non-electrified train 1ines with low levels of noise.


It uses a process that combines hydrogen and oxygen to produce electrical power. If the system produces more energy than the train needs at that time, it can store the extra energy in batteries. The only emissions(排放物) are water and steam.


A single tank of hydrogen can run a Coradia iLint train for about 1,000 kilometers. This is very similar to the distance a diesel-powered train can run on with a single tank.


Hydrogen-powered trains cost more than diesel trains to build. But Alstom officials say the operating costs are much lower. The company plans to provide another l4 Coradia iLint trains to Lower Saxony by 2021.


The head of railroad operations in the area ,Carmen Schwabl,praised replacing diesel trains with hydrogen. She said the move was an important first step in using clean-burning technologies to reach climate protection goals.


Officials say the area's many wind turbines (涡轮机) will produce part of the energy to create the hydrogen to power the trains.


Alstom says several other European countries have also expressed interest in developing hydrogen train systems. France has already said it wants its first hydrogen train to be operating by 2022.


32. Why did Germany build the new trains?


A. To replace diesel trains.  


B. To carry more passengers.


C. To make traveling much easier.


D. To develop friendship with France.


33. What is one advantage of the Coradia iLint?


A. It runs without making any noise.


B. It doesn’t use electrical power.


C. It costs much less to run.  


D. It is cheaper to make it.


34. It can be concluded that hydrogen trains ________.


A. are widely used  


B. are environmentally friendly


C. can stop air pollution  


D. can produce water and oxygen


35. What might be the best title for the text?


A. Saving Natural Resources  


B. Efforts to Reduce Emissions


C. World's First Hydrogen Trains  


D. A New Way to Make Electricity


根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为 多余选项。


Try This at Home!


Are you looking for a new pastime that will create a balance between physical activity and relaxation? Then yoga may be the perfect choice for you. Yoga can be practiced by people of all ages and levels of fitness. ____36____ It's a great way to strengthen your muscles and become more flexible.


In the 1930s, Indian Sri Tirumali and K. Pattabhi developed one of the most popular forms of yoga practised worldwide today. They worked together using an ancient Sansknt text called Yoga Korunta to create a set routine of yoga movements and breathing exercises. ____37____


Ashtanga is different from other forms of yoga. It is a very powerful form of aerobic (有氧的) exercise which creates deep heat in the body. ____38____ In other forms of yoga, however, the routine can change each time and the stretching exercises aren't aerobic.


____39____ As well as making you stronger and more flexible, it can also help you to stay calm.By focusing on your breathing while doing physical exercise, you are able to get a balance between mind and body. In addition, yoga helps to make us healthier so we are less likely to get common illnesses like colds.


Furthermore, yoga encourages you to think about what you're doing. Often you will close your eyes while doing certain movements. ____40____ After a few lessons you'll stop looking at what the others around you are doing. You will stop comparing yourself and start focusing on yourself.


A. It can also be done anywhere at any time.


B. The result of their co- operation was Ashtanga yoga.


C. Whatever kind of yoga you choose, there are many long-term benefits.


D. This allows you to concentrate better and it makes you less competitive.


E. Every time someone practices ashtanga, he or she does exactly the same movements.


F. If you're interested in yoga, but can find a class near you, then it might be an excuse to travel.


G. Recently, it has become extremely common for beginners as well as advanced yoga students to go on yoga holidays.




二、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。


Monkeys do not like it when others get more food ____1____ they do, according to a new study.


Researchers from Yale and Harvard universities found Capuchin monkeys punish monkeys ___2____ get more food. "This sort of, 'If I can't have it, no one can response is because ____3____ psychological spite (怨恨), and it was ____4____ (previous) thought unique. to humans," said Kristin Leimgruber of Harvard University. She is a co-author of the research study. The researchers watched as some Capuchin monkeys ____5____ (give) more food than others. They found that monkeys getting the ____6____(small) share pulled a rope to fold up a table holding the other monkey's bigger share.


Another lead researcher, Laurie Santas, ____7____ (explain) over email, "I think what we can conclude about humans is that some of our more embarrassing tendencies have relatively deep ____8____(root)." Santos said the spiteful response was not present with another member of the ape species chimpanzees (黑猩猩).


An earlier study, she said, showed chimpanzees would fold up the table of other chimpanzees ____9____ (steal) food from them. But they would not punish chimpanzees who just happened ____10____ (have)more food, Santos said. In other words, it was fine if another chimpanzee had more food as long as they did not steal it.


答案与解析：
一、
A


[语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了非洲四座名山及登山的相关情况。


21.A [解析]归纳总结题。由全文可知，攀登Kilimanjaro 相对较为容易，故答案为A


22.C [解析] 细节理韶题。根据文章最后一段" Mount Meru is often used by mountaineers to accustom themselves before trying to conquer Kilimanjaro"可知答案为C。


23.B [解析]对比归纳题。根据四座山的高度对比，确定Atlas Mountains高度最低，故答案为B.






B


[语篇解读]本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要介绍了黎巴嫩女导演Nadine Labaki及其导演的电影Capernaum 的相关情况。


24.C [解析]细节理解题。根据第- -段中的" Lebanese fil m maker"可知，Nadine Laba如是黎巴嫩人，故答案为C。


25.A [解析] 推理判断题。根据Labaki的话可知，她希望今年能有更多的女导演被提名奥斯卡奖，并希望今后不再有类似问题。由此可以推断近几年没有几位女性导演被提名奥斯卡奖，所以答案为A。


26.D [解析] 推理判断题。根据文中第五、六、七段可知，Capernaum这部电影获得了来自各方面的赞美。由此知，这部电影获得了很高的评价，故答案为D


27.C [解析] 代词指代题。上旬的最后提到了非常受爱的电影Roma,然后本句就谈到这部电影是由谁导演，并获得十项提名。由此可知，此处it指代电影Roma,故答案为C。






C


[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍的是一-位叫Edwards的英国运动员。他热爱运动，认为比赛的目的是重在参与，而不仅仅是赢得比赛。


28.D [解析] 写作意图题。本段中作者通过对比提问，引出本文的话题人物，故答案为D。29.C [解析] 细节理解题。由第二段第二句和最后一句可知，由ski jumping进入英国队的竞争比较小，故答案为C。


30.A [解析]细节理解题。由最后- -段中的..but he is proud of his achievement to this day"可知Edwards对自己的表现和结果很满意，故答案为A。


31.B[解析]归纳总结题。由全文可知，Edwards 很喜欢运动，认为参加比赛的目的是重在参与而不仅仅是赢得比赛，故答案为B。:






D


[语篇解读]本文是-篇科技说明文。文章介绍的是一种新 型的氢动力火车。


32.A [解析]细节理解题。根据文中第二段最后一句可知，建造新型火车的目的是move away from pollution producing diesel trains,故选择A。


33.C [解析]细节理解题。根据文中第五段中的..the operating costs are much lower." 可知，氢动力火车的运行成本比较低，故答案为C。


34.B [解析]推理判断题。由文中可知，新的氢动力火车具有低噪音的特点，且其唯一~的排放物是水和蒸汽，所以是环保的，故B为正确答案。


35.C[解析]标题归纳题。本文主要介绍的是.-种新型的氢动力火车的研制及其特点,故C项符合文章大意。


[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项适合在家里做的有氧锻炼阿斯汤加瑜加。


36.A [解析]空前一句说“瑜加可以供所有年龄段以及不同健康程度的人练习”。A项中的aIso一词承上进一步说明了“瑜伽也可以供人们在任何时间、任何地点来做”。故选A。


37.B [解析]这是段尾旬 。空前一句说到两位创始人合


作(They worked together .)共创了-套瑜伽动作和呼吸练习法。空后一段接着介绍了ashtanga。B项中的co-operation和ashtanga yoga 与上下文信息呼应，起到了总结上文、开启下段的作用。故选B。


38.E [解析] 空后一句中的however 表明前后为转折关系，该旬中的the routine can change each time与E项中的Every time... does exactly the same movements正好形成对比。故选E。39.C [解析]这是段首句，起到开启下文的作用。本段主要介绍了做瑜伽锻炼能够给人带来的益处。C项正是说“无论你选择哪种瑜伽，都会有长期的益处”。故选C。


40.D [解析]该空位于段中，根据上下文可知，本段重点介绍了瑜伽具有使人注意力集中、减轻竞争压力的作用。D项既符合上下文语境，又起到了承上启下的作用。故选D。
二、
1. than  
2. that / which/ who  
3.of  
4. previously  
5.were given  
6.smaller 
7.explained  
8.roots  
9.stealing  
10. to have