【新东方雅思阅读】雅思阅读难句过去分词

　　11. Registering for classes, becoming familiar with the buildings on campus, buying books, adding and dropping classes, and paying fees are confusing for everyone.

　　结构

　　全句只有1个谓语动词：are。值得注意的是这一句话的主语是5个并列的动名词短语： Registering, becoming familiar, buying books, adding and dropping classes, and paying fees。并且，在系动词are后的confusing是一个现在分词形式，具有形容词的性质，意为“把人搞乱的，令人糊涂的”。

　　翻译

　　到班里注册，熟悉校园内的建筑，买书，选课还有交费——这些事把每个人都弄糊涂了。

　　12. Spending all their time working to a rigid curriculum, the passing of examinations by their pupils gradually became the whole object of their working life.

　　结构 全句只有1谓语动词：became。句子主干为：the passing of examinations became the whole object。句首的现在分词短语Spending all their time working to a rigid curriculum在句子中作原因状语。注意the passing of examinations表示通过考试，其中examinations应该是passing的宾语，这种结构很常见，如：the hunting of the animal等。句子末尾的working是现在分词作为形容词修饰life，表示“工作生活”。

　　翻译

　　他们把自己的全部时间都用于按照苛刻的课程表进行授课，学生能通过考试已经渐渐变成他们自己授课工作的全部目标。

　　13. Being very short of money and wanting to do something useful, I applied, fearing as I did so, that without a degree and with no experience in teaching my chances of getting the job were slim.

　　结构

　　全句有3个谓语动词：applied，did和were。其中主句的是：applied。句子主干为：I applied。句首的并列的现在分词短语Being very short of money和wanting to do something useful作原因状语，fearing 实际上是一个伴随状语，as I did so是as引导的一个时间状语从句。that引导的是fearing的宾语从句。