【雅思阅读】雅思阅读备考指导3则（二十六）

And the future- If we are to believe the forecasts, it is predicted that two thirds of the world population will be without fresh water by 2025. But for a growing number of regions of the world the future if already with us. While some areas are devastated by flooding, scarcity of water in many other places is causing conflict. The state of Texas in the United States of America is suffering a shortage of water with the Rio Grande falling to reach the Gulf of Mexico for the first time in 50 years in the spring of 2000, pitting region against region as they vie for water sources. With many parts of the globe running dry through drought and increased water consumption, there is now talk of water being the new oil.

分析：此段开头先提出了“根据预测到2025年世界上将有三分之二的人口喝不到淡水”接着分别用转折词 but，while进一步提出某些地区由于洪水泛滥带来的破坏，在其它许多地方水的缺失已变得日趋严峻。接着从“The state of Texas…water sources”通过一个细节举例 (德克萨斯州的人们正在饱受缺水之苦)来作进一步说明。

C）用于摘要题型中，例：

How does the concept of homeopathy differ from that of conventional medicine- Very simply, homeopathy attempts to stimulate the body to recover itself. Instead of looking upon the symptoms as something wrong which must be set right, the homeopath sees them as signs of the way the body is attempting to help itself. Another basic difference between conventional medical therapy and homeopathy is in the role of medication. In much of conventional therapy the illness is controlled through regular use of medical substances. If the medication is withdrawn, the person returns to illness.

Summary

Homeopathy differs from conventional medicine in a number of ways. Conventional medicine views symptoms as an indication of something wrong in the body, whereas homeopathy sees them as signs that the body is attempting to heal itself. The uses of medication differ also. Many types of conventional medication control symptoms. but if the medicine is taken away, the illness returns……

分析：通过题干中的转折词whereas可以在文中迅速定位到考点句型very simply…instead of…。题2中由重要信号词but if 可定位原文中if 引导的条件状语从句，同时原文中is withdrawn对应题目中的is taken away.

三 指导3

雅思阅读题型解读：配对题

为了方便广大考生更好的复习，新东方网综合整理了雅思阅读题型解读：配对题，以供各位考生考试复习参考,希望对考生复习有所帮助。

雅思阅读题型解读：配对题

配对类题型有很多种，常见的种类有：1. 人名-观点配对；2. 地名-描述配对；3. 句子-句子配对；4. 分类题(Classification)；5. 段落-标题配对；6. 段落-细节配对。其中前四种做题方法比较类似，而后两种相对较复杂。本文将阐述前四种题型的做题方法。

首先，还是让我们来看一下这四种配对题的出题特点：

I. 所考内容全部为细节

和后两种题型考察主旨不一样，前四种题型主要考察的是考生对于文章细节的把握和理解。因此，这些题型的解题方法主要是先用Scan的方法定位出关键的段落。

II. 出题不一定遵循顺序原则

在对剑桥雅思真题集进行研究后笔者发现，上述四种配对题型中，除了句子配对题肯定按照顺序原则出题之外，其它的题型有些是讲顺序原则的，有些则不讲。大体上说来，如果一道题目的定位词很明确，很容易在原文中找到信息，那么该题就讲顺序原则；反之亦然。

III. 个别题目会有NB出现。

在部分题目的指令中，会有这么一行字：

NB You may use any letter more than once.

这就意味着在选项中，有至少一个选项可以重复选。但是根据真题的出题思路和考生的实考回忆，一般认为如果出现NB，很有可能是有且仅有一个选项重复使用一次，个别情况会出现两个选项使用两次；而从来没有三个选项使用两次或两个选项使用三次。

现在，我们一起来看一下这类配对题的解题步骤和方法：

1. 划出句子中的关键词

很多考生习惯于冲上来首先去找定位词，但是这种方法是不对的。因为在有专有名词的配对题里，定位词是显而易见的，寻找之前看一下即可；而在句子配对题中，因为题干是按顺序出题的，所以应当先把选项读完，再看题干。

由于人的短期记忆能力是有限的，在短时间内无法记下所有的句子。因此需要寻找选项中的一些在最大程度上概括整个选项的关键词。我们还是以一道句子配对题为例，来看一下关键词的划法（剑5 Test 2 Q24-27）：

A.　　　react to their own thoughts

B.　　　helped create language in humans

C.　　 respond instantly to whatever is happening

D.　　 may provide valuable information about the operation of the brain.

E.　　　cope with difficult situations.

F.　　　relate to a person’s subjective views.

G.　　 led our ancestors to smile and then laugh.

2. 找出定位词