2011上海高考英语阅读理解解析

对于在上海要参加高考的同学来说，往年的一些题目的解析对大家的复习是很有帮助的，大家可以通过以前的试题，了解一下考试的难度。2011上海高考英语阅读理解也是很多同学在考试之前会去做得练习，毕竟阅读是英语考试的一个重点。而且现在阅读考试中也有了新的题型，那么对于2011上海高考英语阅读理解中新题型的解析也是显得更加重要了。

　　

首先，大家对于新题型都不是非常的熟悉，所以参考一下2011上海高考英语阅读理解中的新题型的解析，大家能够从中学到一些解题的方法。下面就是老师对于2011上海高考英语阅读理解中新题型的一个解析：

　　

Sociologists have long recognized that organizations of less than 200 individuals can operate through the free flow of information among the members. Once their size goes beyond this figure, the organizations are getting less flexible. So it seems necessary to prevent total disorder resulting from failures of communication.

　　

One solution to this problem would, of course, be to structure large organizations into smaller units of a size that can act as a group. By allowing these groups to build reliance on each other, larger organizations can be built up. However, merely having groups of, say, 150 will never of itself be a complete solution to the problems of the organization. Something else is needed: the people involved must be able to build direct personal relationships. To allow free flow of information, they have to be able to communicate with each other in a casual way. Maintaining too formal a structure of relationships inevitably prevents the way a system works.

　　

The importance of this was drawn to my attention two years ago by the case of a TV station. Whether by chance or by design, it so happened that there were almost exactly 150 people in the station. The whole process worked very smoothly as an organization for many years until they were moved into purpose-built accommodation. Then, for no apparent reason, the work seemed to be more difficult to do, not to say less satisfying.

　　

It was some time before they work out what the problem was. It turn out that, when the architects were designing the new building, they decided that the coffee room where everyone ate their sandwiches at lunch times was an unnecessary luxury and so did away with it. And with that, they accidentally destroyed the close social networks that strengthened the whole organization. What had apparently been happening was that, as people gathered informally over their sandwiches in the coffee room, useful information was casually being exchanged.

　　

(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)

　　

80. What size of an organization may lead to communication failures?

　　

81. What are the two solutions to the communication problem within a large organization?

　　

82. After the TV station moved into new accommodation, its operation ___________________________.

　　

83. From the case of the TV station, we can conclude it is ____________________________________ that make(s) an organization more successful.

　　

文章第80题，第82题相对比较简单，分别在文章的第一段和第三段最后有极为类似的原文表达。同学只要对文本能很好的理解，回答这两个问题应该不难。

　　

文章第81题应该是本篇最难的一题。但只要掌握好正确的做题思路和方法，应该也可以解决。首先，我们通过skimming的方法，快速找到其在第二段中的出处：“One solution to this problem would, of course, be to structure large organizations into smaller units of a size that can act as a group.”,“Something else is needed: the people involved must be able to build direct personal relationships.”。然后，我们通过划关键字的方法，锁定“structure large organizations into smaller units”,“build direct personal relationships.”，最后，我们应用我们的语法知识进行内容重整，文章问的是what，因此答案务必是名词，或动名词，或名词性从句。因此参考答案可以为“Structuring smaller organizations and building direct personal relationships.”

　　

文章第83题比较开放，难度不大，主要考查对文章大意的理解。参考答案为：the close social networks / the free flow of information / the causal communication。同学只需填出其中一项即可。

　　

分析：新题型的考查要求同学用自己的语言进行回答。不仅考查同学的skimming和scanning能力，还考查同学的整理，语言表达的能力，对做惯了选择题的同学来说，还有点不习惯。今年已经是第二年出现，可以预见，以后难度会逐年增加，希望同学们在平时的阅读训练中注意用自己的语言对原文进行重组。重点侧重在文章大意归纳，词义推测等方面。

　　

大家可以看见2011上海高考英语阅读理解中的这一题型和以往的全部都是选择题的情况完全不同，它没有给大家选项，需要大家直接去回答。这相对于以前的题型来说就有些难度了，更加考验大家的阅读和归纳的能力了。

　　

虽然说2011上海高考英语阅读理解中的这道题目难度并不是非常的大，但是它需要大家用自己的语言去回答，这就需要大家有很好的理解和总结的能力，其实在文章中找到答案并不困难，困难的是自己去总结一句话。如果大家平时很少做这样的练习，那么考试中丢分也是很容易的。所以对待这样的新题型，大家就要做好应对的准备，多去练习。

 

 

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