英语四级阅读完型训练，真题详解

常见的英语四级阅读完型训练都是通过不同的文章体裁和类型来提高学生的能力，一篇好的短文，既可以作为阅读题也可以设置为完型填空题，所以，不管是英语四级阅读完型训练还是四级考试的真题，都需要考生细致的分析和认真的比较，以达到举一反三的效果。

Passage Two

Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.

Global warming is causing more than 300,000 deaths and about $125 billion in economic losses each year, according to a report by the Global Humanitarian Forum, an organization led by Annan, the former United Nations secretary general.

The report, to be released Friday, analyzed data and existing studies of health, disaster, population and economic trends. It found that human-influenced climate change was raising the global death rates from illnesses including malnutrition (营养不良) and heat-related health problems.

But even before its release, the report drew criticism from some experts on climate and risk, who questioned its methods and conclusions.

Along with the deaths, the report said that the lives of 325 million people, primarily in poor countries, were being seriously affected by climate change. It projected that the number would double by 2030.

Roger Pielke Jr., a political scientist at the University of Colorado, Boulder, who studies disaster trends, said the Forum's report was "a methodological embarrassment" because there was no way to distinguish deaths or economic losses related to human-driven global warming amid the much larger losses resulting from the growth in populations and economic development in vulnerable  regions. Dr. Pielke said that “climate change is an important problem requiring our utmost attention.” But the report, he said, "will harm the cause for action on both climate change and disasters because it is so deeply flawed (有瑕疵的)."

However, Soren Andreasen, a social scientist at Dalberg Global Development Partners who supervised the writing of the report, defended it, saying that it was clear that the numbers were rough estimates. He said the report was aimed at world leaders, who will meet in Copenhagenin December to negotiate a new international climate treaty.

In a press release describing the report, Mr. Annan stressed the need for the negotiations to focus on increasing the flow of money from rich to poor regions to help reduce their vulnerability to climate hazards while still curbing the emissions of the heat-trapping gases. More than 90% of the human and economic losses from climate change are occurring in poor countries, according to the report.

62. What is the finding of the Global Humanitarian Forum?

A) Global temperatures affect the rate of economic development. B) Rates of death from illnesses have risen due to global warming. C) Malnutrition has caused serious health problems in poor countries. D) Economic trends have to do with population and natural disasters. 63. What do we learn about the Forum's report from the passage? A) It was challenged by some climate and risk experts. B) It aroused a lot of interest in the scientific circles. C) It was warmly received by environmentalists. D) It caused a big stir in developing countries.

64. What does Dr. Pielke say about the Forum's report? A) Its statistics look embarrassing.  C) It deserves our closest attention. B) It is invalid in terms of methodology.  D) Its conclusion is purposely exaggerated. 65. What is Soren Andreasen's view of the report?

A) Its conclusions are based on carefully collected data.

B) It is vulnerable to criticism if the statistics are closely examined. C) It will give rise to heated discussions at theCopenhagenconference. D) Its rough estimates are meant to draw the attention of world leaders.

What does Kofi Annan say should be the focus of theCopenhagenconference? A) How rich and poor regions can share responsibility in curbing global warming. B) How human and economic losses from climate change can be reduced. C) How emissions of heat-trapping gases can be reduced on a global scale. D) How rich countries can better help poor regions reduce climate hazards

60.解析：通过定位找到人名，人名后出现“This is the definition of integration”，由“this”可知人名前就是我们要找的答案，即the process throws you together randomly，“throw you together randomly”与“randomly assign”对应。意思与选项D符合。因此，此处选择D。

61. What does Grace Kao say about interracial lodging?

答案：A. It is unscientific to make generalizations about it without further study.

关键词：Grace Kao, generalizations

定位：题干中出现的人名Grace Kao以及generalizations提示答案定位在文章最后一段。根据最后一段意思：要得出Interracial lodging的一般规律，需要对学生的背景特征有更多的研究，与选项D的意思相同。而选项ABC在文中没有明确提及。

Passage Two

本篇文章主要是围绕一份来自Global Humanitarian Forum的报告展开的，在解题之前，通过对5个题干的浏览，以及在原文中的定位，可以发现，这篇文章是严格按照顺序原则来出题的。每一个题干中都有大写的字母，这些首字母大写的单词既是关键词，也是定位词，可以有效地帮助我们到原文中准确定位，节省答题时间。

62. What is the finding of the Global Humanitarian Forum?

答案：B. Rates of death from illnesses have risen due to global warming. 关键词：Global Humanitarian Forum 定位：第一段、第二段

解析：一般而言，四级的阅读题目大致遵循顺序原则，此篇文章正好是遵循此规律的。在文章的第一段，第一行，我们看到“? 300,000 deaths and about $ 125 billion ?”,根据这里，我们可以把答案锁定在选项A（economic）和选项B (Rates of death)，然后我们接着往下看，可以发现，第二段就没有再提到金钱方面了，而都是在讲死亡和疾病的话题，如第二段的第三行“? death rates from illnesses ? ”。所以，最后正确的选项是B。

63. What do we learn about the Forum's report from the passage? 答案：A. It was challenged by some climate and risk experts. 关键词：learn 、Forum's report 定位：第三段

解析：根据顺序原则，我们在接下来的第三段里就找到了63题的答案。第三段的第一行就讲到“the report drew criticism from some experts on climate and risk”，这和A选项是完全相一致的，challenged是criticism的同义替换。B选项中的“interest”表示“兴趣”，主要用于好的事物，这里讲的都是对the Forum's repor的批评，显然就不合适了。C选项表达的意思跟原文正好相反，这个是肯定要排除的。然后，有的同学可能会选到D选项，可能是受到文中第四段“? primarily in poor

countries ,were being seriously effected ?”这句话的影响。但是D选项中“a big stir”“一阵巨大的骚乱”文中是完全没有提到的。

64. What does Dr. Pielke say about the Forum's report? 答案：B. It is invalid in terms of methodology. 关键词：Dr. Pielke、say 定位：第五段

解析：在第五段，我们可以很快找到Pielke，然后找到他说的话，第二行“the Forum's report was ‘a methodological embarrassment'”,然后在第六行“but the report, he said‘will harm the ? it is so deeply flawed'”。根据这两句话，选项中invalid 是flawed的同义替换， 我们可以很容易地选到B。

65. What is Soren Andreasen's view of the report?

答案：D. Its rough estimates are meant to draw the attention of world leaders. 关键词：Soren Andreasen 定位：第六段

解析：在第六段的第二行和第三行，可以看到“the number were rough estimates. He said the report was aimed at world leaders ? ”,根据这两句话，我们就能较轻松地将正确答案锁定在D选项。

66. What does Kofi Annan say should be the focus of theCopenhagenconference? 

答案：D. How rich countries can better help poor regions reduce climate hazards. 关键词：Kofi Annan、focus of the Copenhagen conference 定位：第七段（即文中的最后一段）

解析：最后一段是Kofi Annan说的一段话。我们在最后一段的第二行，focus on后面“? from rich to poor regions to help reduce ? ”后面的内容就无需再花时间去看了，因为他focus（关注）的地方，在此就已经陈述清楚了，正确答案就是D。

When it comes to eating smart for your heart, thinking about short-term fixes and simplify life with a straightforward approach that will serve you well for years to come. 

Smart eating goes beyond analyzing every bite ad you lift __67__ your mouth. "In the past we used to believe that __68__ amounts of individual nutrients (营养物) were the __69__ to good health," Linda Van Horn, chair of the American Heart Association's Nutrition Committee. "But now we have a __70__ understanding of healthy eating and the kinds of food necessary to __71__ not only heart disease but disease __72__ general," she adds.

Scientists now __73__ on the broader picture of the balance of food eaten __74__ several days or a week __75__ than on the number of milligrams (毫克) of this or that __76__ at each meal.

Fruits, vegetables and whole grains, for example, provide nutrients and plant-based compounds __77__ for good health. “The more we learn, the more __78__ we are by the wealth of essential substances they __79__," Van Horn continues, "and how they __80__ with each other to keep us healthy."

You'll automatically be __81__ the right heart-healthy track if vegetables, fruits and whole grains make __82__ three quarters of the food on your dinner plate. __83__ in the remaining one quarter with lean meat or chicken, fish or eggs.

The foods you choose to eat as well as those you choose to __84__ clearly contribute to your well-being. Without a __85__, each of the small decisions you make in this realm can make a big __86__ on your health in the years to come. 67. A) between  B) through  C) inside  D)to

A) serious  B) splendid  C) specific  D) separate   69. A) key  B) point   C) lead   D) center

A) strict  B) different  C) typical  D) natural    71. A) rescue  B) prevent  C) forbid  D) offend72. A) in  B) upon   C)for   D)by             73. A) turn  B)put   C) focus  D) carry

A) over  B) along  C) with   D)beyond       75. A) other  B) better  C) rather  D)sooner

76. A) conveyed  B) consumed  C) entered  D) exhausted 77 A) vital  B) initial  C) valid   D) radical 78. A) disturbed  B) depressed   C) amazed  D) amused 79. A) retain   B) contain  C) attain   D) maintain 80. A) interfere   B) interact  C) reckon  D) rest     81. A) at   B)of   C) on   D) within 82. A) out   B) into   C) off   D) up             83. A) Engage   B) Fill   C) Insert   D) Pack 84. A) delete   B) hinder  C) avoid   D) spoil       85. A) notion   B) hesitation  C) reason  D) doubt   86. A) outcome   B) function  C) impact  D) commitment

答案解析：

这是一篇关于科学饮食的科技新闻。为了让学生快速进入语境，文章第一段没有挖空。 从第一段中，我们可以获得全文主旨：科学饮食的真谛是从大处着眼，

67. 第二段首句有个定语从句：科学饮食远不止分析每一口放到嘴里的饭。这里要选择一个介词，lift 的原意是高举，在这里的意思就是“放到嘴边”，to 表示方向。 between 表示在某某之间，不合题意。inside 表示静态，与lift这个动作相矛盾。同理，B选项through，表示穿过，lift这个动作，到嘴边就结束了，并没有穿过嘴巴。

68. 按照原文的逻辑，接下来的一句话，表达过去人们如何如何，是为了给出“靶子”加以批评，所以，我们需要继续往后读，读到作者提倡的做法，然后反向理解一下，便可选出答案。

69. 根据语法搭配，只有key才可以和后面的to相搭配，所以选择A选项。 70. 句首的but，是题眼，表达对比之意，所以，下文开始讲述“另一种”“不同的”饮食习惯。因此，选择B选项，different。

71. 这里是个不定式短语，需要一个动词，由宾语heart disease可知，“prevent”（预防）是最佳搭配。

72. 考察和general搭配的介词，只有in 符合语法。

73. 需要一个动词和on搭配，语法上四个选项都可以搭配，只能从词义上判断，turn on 表示打开，focus on 表示注重，put on 表示穿衣，carry on 表示执行。根据宾语，“更广的层面”，可知应该选择focus on。

74. 需要一个和“时间段”搭配的介词，over a period of time 表示一段时间以来，符合题意。

75. 这里表示“是什么而不是什么”，应该用rather than 才能准确达意。 76. 这是个分词短语作后置定语修饰前面的“this or that”，这里的this or that代指食物。convey是表达，不搭配。enter 可以表示“输入，记下”，也不和食物搭配。和食物搭配的只有B和D，consume表示，消费或消耗。exhaust 表示耗尽。很明显，这里的食物并不会耗尽，所以只能选B选项。这里我们可以回过头来，看一下第68题，文章的主旨是“Scientist now focus on the broader picture of the balance of food eaten over several days or a week”即“科学家现在注重最近几天内的均衡饮食”，与此能够形成对比的，“单个营养元素的定量摄入”，这里能表达特定量的词只有“certain”或者“specific”，这里用certain更自然，但是没有提供选项，因此就只能选择specific，表示“特定的”。

77. 需要个形容词，做后置定语，和for good health 搭配，这里只有vital 能和for搭配，表示“对?重要”。

78. 这里是一个 The more?the more 的固定表达，表示“越??越??”，这里用amazed表达科研人员，对新发现所产生的“惊奇之感”。

79. 这里的they表示食物，结合后面的动词，构成定语从句，修饰“必备营养元素”，这里的用contain才能准确达意，“食物包含必备营养元素”

80. 需要一个动词和with搭配，只能选择A和B，但从语义上判断，必备营养元素之间会相互反应，肯定不会相互干扰。因此只能选择interact。

81. 这里需要一个介词和track搭配，只有 on the right track才符合语法 82. 这里根据题意，“蔬菜、水果和谷物构成了饭菜的四分之三”，这里make up表达“构成”之意。

83. 这里需要一个动词，宾语是“剩余的四分之一”，从语义上理解，我们需要选择“填充”，因此，fill in 是符合语法的。 

84. 这里需要一个动词，结合题意，这个空应该表达“不吃”，才能和前面的eat形成对比，这里的avoid，表达避免的意思，比delete（删除）更切题。

85. 文章在最后一句，要下一个结论，这里用without a doubt 表达“毫无疑问”，符合题目要求。

86. 这里需要一个名词，和on搭配，只有impact符合题意。

    通过这些英语四级阅读完型解析，考生可以看出考试的目的和出题方向，知道考试的具体情况。这样的真题解析能够帮助考生建立正确的英语学习观，养成良好的备考和考试习惯。

对每一位考生而言，英语四级阅读理解和完形填空的练习方法都是有必要的，需要考生根据自己的情况合理的安排专项练习的步骤和时间，以达到最好的练习效果，最终应付所有的英语考试。

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