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雅思阅读
2016-08-29 10:39
来源：新东方整理
作者：上海新东方
Revision: Contract Law 2
Privity of Contract
Price –v- Easton [1833]
E agreed to pay £19 to P if third party did specific work. P's claim for money failed. Any person who is not a party cannot sue or be sued under it.
Dunlop –v- Selfridge [1915]
Dew agreed to buy tyres from Dunlop, would not sell at below a fixed price. Same agreement with client, S. Dunlop sought injunction but failed due to lack of privity.
Consequences:
Gifts, embarrassment, purchaser only able to cover own costs.
Prevent enforcement of services already paid for.
Benefactor's express wishes denied – Tweddle –v- Atkinson
Exceptions
Statutory law
Road Traffic Act 1888 – third party insurance
Married Women's Property Act 1882 – insurance can be enforced
Beswick –v- Beswick [1968]
……
Vitiating Factors: Void and Voidable Contracts
Void: Stating that the contract does not exist
Voidable: Vitiating factor identified and acknowledged yet party can continue if to benefit, or avoid and set aside
Vitiating Factor: Misrepresentation
Rules
Must be of material fact to be relied upon
Bisset –v- Wilkinson [1927]
……
Fraudulent Misrepresentation
Derry –v- Peek [1889]
Action in tort of deceit against directors failed. Honest belief that statement in prospectus regarding mechanism power for trams in Plymouth was true as it would be granted in course.
……
Negligent Misrepresentation
Common law: Hedley Byrne [1964]
Claimants to provide £100,000 advertising for Easipower on credit. Sought reference from Heller (D) who made a good reference. Easipower liquidation, unpaid Hedley seek action in tort, but failed as bank had disclaimed liability. OBITER: possible success where duty of care created.
……
Innocent Misrepresentation
Only rescission in equity
Yet, court able to award damages as an ALTERNATIVE where it is convinced that this is appropriate under section 2.2 of The Misrepresentation Act 1967
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