【雅思培训-阅读】要判断对还是不对，脑洞到底要不要打开？

2015-01-30 17:06

来源：上海新东方

作者：上海新东方

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判断题的出题概率越来越高，题量大了就要求烤鸭们更好的掌握并搞笑的消灭他们。今天我们就先来看看True该怎么搞定。

首先要明确True、False、Not Given的定义，在每次题目的最前面都有写出他们的定义，不过可能很多人都没有注意过:

TRUE if the statement agrees with the information,

FALSE if the statement contradicts the information,

NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this.

所以看得出来，就True而言，只要agree with就都算对，所谓agree with就是指相符、一致，也就是说只需要大方向一致，而不需要字字相对应。对于大方向一致，就需要一点同义词近义词的认知功底，也需要一点点的联想能力----脑洞微开。

比如我们可以看到在C6T2P1里的第二题判断题Efficient cities can improve the quality of life for their inhabitants.在文章的第二段最后写到Professor Peter Newman, ISTP Director, pointed out that these more efficient cities were able to put the difference into attracting industry and jobs or creating a better place to live. 可以看得出题目中的improve the quality of life for their inhabitants与文中的creating a better place to live虽然没有一个字是一样的，但是表达的都是“城市让生活更美好”的意思，妥妥的True啊。

而在该套题的最后一题Cities with high levels of bicycle usage can be efficient even when public transport is only averagely good.里，这个averagely good使很多同学有点纠结，有人读了good感觉作者在说”好“，有人读了average（拜托是averagely好么…）感觉是”一般“，那到底是好还是一般般呢？为什么不是一般般的好呢？根据bicycle我们可以看到文章里只有一段在说相关的内容，而且那段就一句话而已：Bicycle use was not included in the study but Newman noted that the two most ‘bicycle friendly’ cities considered – Amsterdam and Copenhagen – were very efficient, even though their public transport systems were ‘reasonable but not special’.跟题目相比，这句话显然内容更多（不就是更啰嗦么），所以我们把多余的内容去除掉之后只剩下the two most ‘bicycle friendly’ cities were very efficient, even though their public transport systems were ‘reasonable but not special’，对比题目，efficient已经完全对应了，那另一个特征再一致就能True了，那averagely good与’reasonable but not special’之间是一致的还是对立的呢？reasonable就是合理的，not special只是补充说明其”没什么特别之处“而已，说到底就都是指”just so so”，当题目=just so so而且文章也表达了just so so的意思时，即使他们的用词再怎么不一样，他们依旧是相对应的内容，所以”合理的“和”一般般的好“是大方向一致是，果断写上True。

再来看看完全字字替换成同义词近义词的past question，我们可以看到在C7T1P2中，第22题，Feeding increasing populations is possible due primarily to improved irrigation systems.在文章的B段中可以找到有关irrigation systems的内容，Food production has kept pace with soaring populations mainly because of the expansion of artificial irrigation systems.这两句中，Feeding increasing populations与food production has kept pace with soaring populations一致，due primarily to=mainly because of，都表示“主要原因”，而improved irrigation systems与the expansion of artificial irrigation systems也是一致的，有人可能会提出疑问，怀疑题目中的这个irrigation system和原文中的artificial irrigation system不是同一个system，不必怀疑，只有人类才有能力搞irrigation system，灌溉系统，岂是动物们能弄得出来的？此处脑洞千万别开到类似猩球崛起这种电影里去…否则这题真的是要错选了NOT GIVEN，但是正确答案却是True。

再来看看稍微难一点的需要连续看两句句子才能做出来的曾经考过的真题，The Tsimshian language contains both older and newer systems of counting.这个题目一般不会引起异议，不但没有什么生词还有 Tsimshian这种带有大写字母的专有名词帮助你在原文中快速找到相当应的内容，：The numeration system of the Tsimshian language contains seven distinct sets of words … It seems that the last is a later development while the first six groups show the relics of an older system. 很明显，原文中提到了 Tsimshian 当地正在用的七种数词，也指出最后一种是后来才发展出来的，而前六种是之前就有的，所以只要有耐心读完这长长的内容，True这个答案还是很轻而易举可以得出的。