4.22雅思答案_4月22日雅思笔试回忆+答案（亚太卷）

考完4.22雅思的同学们，相信都非常迫切想要知道4.22雅思答案的相关消息吧，成绩要一周后公布，现在只能凭借印象要预估一下自己的分数了。下面奉上亚太卷的4月22日雅思笔试回忆+答案。

听力

Section 1：驾校咨询

1. 67 King’s

2. North

3. Sutcliffe

4. Automatic

5. Night

6. Weather

7. License

8. 50

9. 30

10. Diary

Section 2：几个农场比较介绍

11. A. Sell to individual buyers

12. C. Cheaper price

13. Donkeys

14. Apples

15. 6

16. Tomatoes

17-20. Map

17. B

18. G

19. F

20. H

Section 3：师生讨论农业相关的论文

Section 4：男女竞争差异研究

31. Workplace

32. 2%

33. Engineering

34. Ability

35. Workload

36. Confident

37. Risks

38. Feedback

39. Challenges

40. Salary

阅读

Passage 1：土豆的影响

The Impact of the Potato

A The potato was first cultivated in South America between three and seven thousand years ago, though scientists believe they may have grown wild in the region as long as 13,000 years ago. The genetic patterns of potato distribution indicate that the potato probably originated in the mountainous west-central region of the continent.

B Early Spanish chroniclers who misused the Indian word batata (sweet potato) as the name for the potato noted the importance of the tuber to the Incan Empire. The Incas had learned to preserve the potato for storage by dehydrating and mashing potatoes into a substance called Chuchu could be stored in a room for up to 10 years, providing excellent insurance against possible crop failures. As well as using the food as a staple crop, the Incas thought potatoes made childbirth easier and used it to treat injuries.

C The Spanish conquistadors first encountered the potato when they arrived in Peru in 1532 in search of gold, and noted Inca miners eating chuchu. At the time the Spaniards failed to realize that the potato represented a far more important treasure than either silver or gold, but they did gradually begin to use potatoes as basic rations aboard their ships. After the arrival of the potato in Spain in 1570, a few Spanish farmers began to cultivate them on a small scale, mostly as food for livestock.

D Throughout Europe, potatoes were regarded with suspicion, distaste and fear. Generally considered to be unfit for human consumption, they were used only as animal fodder and sustenance for the starving. In northern Europe, potatoes were primarily grown in botanical gardens as an exotic novelty. Even peasants refused to eat from a plant that produced ugly, misshapen tubers and that had come from a heathen civilization. Some felt that the potato plant's resemblance to plants in the nightshade family hinted that it was the creation of witches or devils.

E In meat-loving England, farmers and urban workers regarded potatoes with extreme distaste. In 1662, the Royal Society recommended the cultivation of the tuber to the English government and the nation, but this recommendation had little impact. Potatoes did not become a staple until, during the food shortages associated with the Revolutionary Wars, the English government began to officially encourage potato cultivation. In 1795, the Board of Agriculture issued a pamphlet entitled "Hints Respecting the Culture and Use of Potatoes"; this was followed shortly by pro-potato editorials and potato recipes in The Times. Gradually, the lower classes began to follow the lead of the upper classes.

F A similar pattern emerged across the English Channel in the Netherlands, Belgium and France. While the potato slowly gained ground in eastern France (where it was often the only crop remaining after marauding soldiers plundered wheat fields and vineyards), it did not achieve widespread acceptance until the late 1700s. The peasants remained suspicious, in spite of a 1771 paper from the Facult de Paris testifying that the potato was not harmful but beneficial. The people began to overcome their distaste when the plant received the royal seal of approval: Louis XVI began to sport a potato flower in his buttonhole, and Marie-Antoinette wore the purple potato blossom in her hair.

G Frederick the Great。:Prussia saw the potato's potential，。help feed his nation and lower the price of bread, but faced the challenge of overcoming the people's prejudice against the plant. When he issued a 1774 order for his subjects to grow potatoes as protection against famine, the town of Kolberg replied: "The things have neither smell nor taste, not even the dogs will eat them, so what use are they to us?" Trying a less direct approach to encourage his subjects to begin planting potatoes, Frederick used a bit of reverse psychology: he planted a royal field of potato plants and stationed a heavy guard to protect this field from thieves. Nearby peasants naturally assumed that anything worth guarding was worth stealing, and so snuck into the field and snatched the plants for their home gardens. Of course, this was entirely in line with Frederick's wishes.

H Historians debate whether the potato was primarily。cause or。effect of the huge population boom in industrial-era England and Wales. Prior to 1800, the English diet had consisted primarily of meat, supplemented by bread, butter and cheese. Few vegetables were consumed, most vegetables being regarded as nutritionally worthless and potentially harmful. This view began to change gradually in the late 1700s. The Industrial Revolution was drawing an ever increasing percentage of the populace into crowded cities, where only the richest could afford homes with ovens or coal storage rooms, and people were working 12-16 hour days which left them with little time or energy to prepare food. High yielding, easily prepared potato crops were the obvious solution to England's food problems.

I Whereas most of their neighbors regarded the potato with suspicion and had to be persuaded to use it by the upper classes, the Irish peasantry embraced the tuber more innately than anyone since the Incas. The potato was well suited to the Irish the and climate, and its high yield suited the most important concern of most Irish farmers: to feed their families.

J The most dramatic example of the potato's potential to alter population patterns occurred in Ireland, where the potato had become a staple by 1800. The Irish population doubled to eight million between 1780 and 1841, this without any significant expansion of industry or reform of agricultural techniques beyond the widespread cultivation of the potato. Though Irish landholding practices were primitive in comparison with those of England, the potato's high yields allowed even the poorest farmers to produce more healthy food than they needed with scarcely any investment or hard labor. Even children could easily plant, harvest and cook potatoes, which of course required no threshing, curing or grinding. The abundance provided by potatoes greatly decreased infant mortality and encouraged early marriage.

Questions 1-5

Do the following statements with the views of the writer in Reading passage 1 ?

TRUE if the statement is true

FALSE if the statement is false

NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage

1 The early Spanish called potato as the Incan name `Chuchu'.

2 The purposes of Spanish coming to Peru were to find out potatoes.

3 The Spanish believed that the potato has the same nutrients as other vegetables.

4 Peasants at that time did not like to eat potatoes because they were ugly.

5 The popularity of potatoes in the UK was due to food shortages during the war.

Questions 6-13

Complete the sentences below with NO MORE THAN ONE WORD AND from the passage 1 for each answer.

6 In France, people started to overcome their disgusting about potatoes because the King put a potato______________in his button hole.

7 Frederick realized the potential of potato but he had to handle the_against potatoes from ordinary people.

8 The King of Prussia adopted some______________psychology to make people accept potatoes.

9 Before 1800, the English people preferred eating______________with bread, butter and cheese.

10 The obvious way to deal with England food problems were high yielding potato______________

11 The Irish______________and climate suited potatoes well.

12 Between 1780 and 1841, based on the______________of the potatoes, the Irish population doubled to eight million.

13 The potato's high yields help the poorest farmers to produce more healthy food almost without______________

答案：

1. FALSE

2. FALSE

3. NOT GIVEN

4. TRUE

5. TRUE

6. Flower

7. prejudice

8. reverse

9. meat

10. crops

11. soil

12. cultivation

13. Investment

Passage 2：智商测试

Intelligence and Giftedness

A  In 1904 the French minister of education, facing limited resources for schooling, sought a way to separate the unable from the merely lazy. alfred binet got the job of devising selection principles and his brilliant solution put a stamp on the study of intelligence and was the forerunner of intelligence tests still used today, he developed a thirty-problem test in 1905, which tapped several abilities related to intellect, such as judgment and reasoning, the test determined a given child's mental age'. the test previously established a norm for children of a given physical age. (for example, five-year-olds on average get ten items correct), therefore, a child with a mental age of five should score 10, which would mean that he or she was functioning pretty much as others of that age. the child's mental age was then compared to his physical age.

B. A large disparity in the wrong direction (e.g., a child of nine with a mental age of four) might suggest inability rather than laziness and mean he or she was earmarked for special schooling, binet, however, denied that the test was measuring intelligence, its purpose was simply diagnostic, for selection only. This message was however lost, and caused many problems and misunderstanding later.

C. Although binet's test was popular, it was a bit inconvenient to deal with a variety of physical and mental ages. so in 1912 wilhelm stern suggested simplifying this by reducing the two to a single number, he divided the mental age by the physical age, and multiplied the result by 100. an average child, irrespective of age, would score 100. a number much lower than 100 would suggest the need for help, and one much higher would suggest a child well ahead of his peer.

D．This measurement is what is now termed the IQ (for intelligence quotient) score and it has evolved to be used to show how a person, adult or child, performed in relation to others. (the term IQ was coined by Lewis m. terman, professor of psychology and education of Stanford university, in 1916. he had constructed an enormously influential revision of binet's test, called the stanford-binet test, versions of which are still given extensively.)

E. The field studying intelligence and developing tests eventually coalesced into a sub-field of psychology called psychometrics (psycho for ‘mind' and metrics for 'measurements'). the practical side of psychometrics (the development and use of tests) became widespread quite early, by 1917, when einstein published his grand theory of relativity, mass-scale testing was already in use.

F. Germany’s unrestricted submarine warfare (which led to the sinking of the Lusitania in 1915) provoked the United States to finally enter the First World War in the same year. The military had to build up an army very quickly; it had two million inductees to sort out. Who would become officers and who enlisted men? Psychometricians developed two intelligence tests that helped sort all these people out, at least to some extent, this was the first major use of testing to decide who lived and who died, as officers were a lot safer on the battlefield, the tests themselves were given under horrendously bad conditions, and the examiners seemed to lack commonsense, a lot of recruits simply had no idea what to do and in several sessions most inductees scored zero! the examiners also came up with the quite astounding conclusion from the testing that the average American adult's intelligence was equal to that of a thirteen-year-old!

G. Nevertheless, the ability for various authorities to classify people on scientifically justifiable premises was too convenient and significant to be dismissed lightly, so with all good astounding intentions and often over enthusiasm, society's affinity for psychological testing proliferated.

H. Back in Europe, sir cyril burt, professor of psychology at university college London from 1931 to 1950, was a prominent figure for his contribution to the field, he was a firm advocate of intelligence testing and his ideas fitted in well with English cultural ideas of elitism, a government committee in 1943 used some @ of burt's ideas in devising a rather primitive typology on children's intellectual behavior, all were tested at age eleven, the top 15 or 20 per cent went to grammar schools with good teachers and a fast pace of work to prepare for the few university places available a lot of very bright working-class children, who otherwise would never have, made it to grammar schools and universities.

I. The system for the rest was however disastrous these children attended lesser secondary or technical schools and faced the prospect of eventual education oblivion, they felt like dumb failures, having been officially branded as such be science, and their motivation to study naturally plummeted, it was not until 1974 that the public education system was finally reformed. (Nowadays it is believed that burt has fabricated a lot of his data; having an obsession that intelligence is largely genetic, he apparently made up twin studies, which supported this idea, at the same time inventing two co-workers who were supposed to have gathered the results.)

J. Intelligence testing enforced political and social prejudice, their results were used to argue that Jews ought to be kept out of the united states because they were so intelligently inferior that they would pollute the racial mix; and blacks ought not to be allowed to breed at all. And so abuse and test bias controversies continued to plaque psychometrics.

K. Measurement is fundamental to science and technology, science often advances in leaps and bounds when measurement devices improve, psychometrics has long tried to develop ways to gauge psychological qualities such as intelligence and more specific abilities, anxiety, extroversion, emotional stability, compatibility, with marriage partner, and so on. Their scores are often given enormous weight, a single IQ measurement can take on a life of its own if teachers and parents see it as definitive, it became a major issue in the 70s, when court cases were launched to stop anyone from making important decisions based on IQ test scores, the main criticism was and still is that current tests don't really measure intelligence, whether intelligence can be measured at all is still controversial, some say it cannot others say that IQ tests are psychology's greatest accomplishments.

答案：

14. G

15. C

16. B

17. D

18. B

19. B

20. A

21. C

22. TRUE

23. FALES

24. NOT GIVEN

25. TRUE

26. NOT GIVEN

Passage 3：暂无

写作

A类：小作文柱状图；

大作文：Some people think that people who decide on a career early and keep to the same job are more likely to get a satisfying career life than those who frequently change jobs. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

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