【1】

A young man from a village called Nawalapitiya married a young woman from Maliyuwa, a nearby village. They lived with the man’s big family—his parents, his brothers, their wives and children. The family kept an elephant, in which the young woman soon took a great interest. Every day she fed it with fruit and sugar.

Three months later the woman went back to her parents’ home, having quarreled with her husband. Soon the elephant refused to eat and work. It appeared to be ill and heart-broken. One morning after several weeks the animal disappeared from the house.

It went to the woman’s home. On seeing her, the elephant waved its trunk and touched her with it. The young woman was so moved (感动) by the act of the animal that she returned to her husband’s home.

【小题1】The writer wrote the story in order to ______.

A．show that elephants are very clever

B．tell how a woman trained a wild animal

C．show that women care more for animals than men do

D．tell how an animal reunited (团圆) a husband and wife

【小题2】The woman left her new home ______.

A．to visit her own parents in Maliyuwa

B．to see if the elephant would follow her

C．because she was angry with her husband

D．because she was tired of the large family

【小题3】After the young woman left her husband’s home, the elephant ______.

A．returned to the forest    B．was sad because it missed her

C．went to look for a new home       D．was sick because nobody fed it

【小题4】The young wife went back to her husband because ______.

A．she knew he had sent the animal to her

B．the elephant had come to look for her

C．her parents told her to

D．she missed her new home

答案

【小题1】D

【小题2】C

【小题3】B

【小题4】B

解析试题分析：本文叙述了一头大象和它的女主人的故事，在一个农村的大家庭里，养着一头大象，这个女主人每天都喂它食物，有一次，女主人和她的丈夫吵架了，她跑会了娘家，大象看不见她的女主人它很伤心，不吃不干活，它于是就去找它的女主人，女主人见到了大象很是感动，于是就跟着大象回家了。

【小题1】写作意图题。根据he young woman was so moved (感动) by the act of the animal that she returned to her husband’s home. 大象让这一家人又团圆了，故选D。

【小题2】细节理解题。根据Three months later the woman went back to her parents’ home, having quarreled with her husband.她和丈夫吵架离开家，故选C。

【小题3】细节理解题。根据Soon the elephant refused to eat and work. It appeared to be ill and heart-broken. 大象很伤心，故选B。

【小题4】细节理解题。根据On seeing her, the elephant waved its trunk and touched her with it. The young woman was so moved (感动) by the act of the animal that she returned to her husband’s home. 妻子被大象所感动，因而回到了家中，故选B。

点评：推测写作目的题和了解文章大意题有所不同，后者要知道文章讲什么，中心思想是什么。而前者是要知道写文章是为了什么，达到什么目的。因此，这种题比了解文章大意题更难解答，它不仅要求了解内容，还要了解作者的口气，分析作者的论述方法，这样才能推断出写作目的。

【2】

May: Happenings from the Past

May 5, 1884

Isaac Murphy, son of a slave and perhaps the greatest horse rider in American history, rides Buchanan to win his first Kentucky Derby. He becomes the first rider ever to win the race three times.

May 9, 1754

Benjamin Franklin’s Pennsylvania Gazette produces perhaps the first American political cartoon (漫画), showing a snake cut in pieces with the words “Join or Die” printed under the picture.

May 11, 1934

The first great dust storm of the Great Plains Dust Bowl, the result of years of drought (干旱), blows topsoil all the way to New York City and Washington, D.C.

May 19, 1994

Jacqueline Lee Bouvier Kennedy Onassis, former first lady and one of the most famous people of the 1960s died of cancer in New York City at the age of 64.

May 24, 1844

Samuel F.B Morse taps out the first message, “What hath God wrought,” over the experimental long-distance telegraph line which runs from Washington, D.C., to Baltimore, Md.

【小题1】We know from the text that Buchanan is ______.

A．Isaac’s father

B．a winning horse

C．a slave taking care of horses

D．the first racing horse in Kentucky

【小题2】What is the title of the first American political cartoon?

A．Join or Die      B．Pennsylvania Gazette

C．What Hath God Wrought     D．Kentucky Derby

【小题3】In which year did the former first lady Jacqueline die?

A．1934 B．1960 C．1964 D．1994

【小题4】Which of the following places has to do with the first telegram in history?

A. Washing to, D.C.  B. New York City C. Kentucky         D. Pennsylvania

答案

【小题1】B

【小题2】A

【小题3】D

【小题4】A

解析试题分析：本篇主要写的是美国历史上在五月份发生的五件事。一是1884年5月Isaac Murphy骑马比赛三连冠。二是1754年5月Pennsylvania Gazette是美国的第一个政治漫画。三是1934年5月第一次沙尘暴席卷华盛顿和纽约。四是1994年5月前第一夫人去世。五是1844年5月历史上第一次出现电报。

【小题1】细节理解题。根据rides Buchanan to win his first Kentucky Derby它是一匹马，故选B。

【小题2】细节理解题。根据Benjamin Franklin’s Pennsylvania Gazette produces perhaps the first American political cartoon (漫画)故选A。

【小题3】细节理解题。根据May 19, 1994

Jacqueline Lee Bouvier Kennedy Onassis, former first lady and one of the most famous people of the 1960s died of cancer in New York City at the age of 64.故选D。

【小题4】细节理解题。根据over the experimental long-distance telegraph line which runs from Washington, D.C., to Baltimore, Md.故选A。

点评：在快速阅读的过程中，要掌握主旨大意，要有阅读的整体意识，避免那种“只见树木，不见森林”的逐字逐句的阅读习惯。接着是寻读，确定“信息源”，找出问题的相关信息出自文章何处，跟哪些段落或句子有关，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节一点一滴的区别，在准确理解细节的前提下，最后确定最佳答案，这样对细节理解题的处理基本做到了有根有据，提高了判断的正确性。

【3】

Liverpool city council (市政厅) want to clear the city of fat pigeons (鸽子). They say that people are feeding the birds, which makes them fat. The pigeons get bigger because they normally eat seeds (种子) and insects (昆虫) for their main food, not high-fat junk food they are eating in the city centre.

The council want people to know that everyone who feeds the pigeons makes the streets crowded (拥挤)with these birds. They hope to encourage the birds to move away from the city centre and into parks and open spaces.

Ten robotic birds have been brought into the city centre to scare the pigeons away and visitors are asked not to give the pigeons any food. The mechanical birds—known as ‘robops’—will sit on the roofs of buildings. They can be moved around to different places. They look like a peregrine falcon, which is a bird that kills pigeons. They even make noises and flap their wings to scare the pigeons. They hope that the pigeons will go away before the city becomes the European Capital of Culture in two years.

【小题1】Liverpool city council want to clear the city of fat pigeons because ______.

A．the pigeons are eating junk food

B．the pigeons might get killed

C．the pigeons make the city center crowded

D．the pigeons sit on the roofs of buildings

【小题2】What do we know about a peregrine falcon?

A．It scares the robotic birds.    B．It is an enemy of the pigeons.

C．It looks like a pigeon.    D．It likes the food people give it.

【小题3】Which of the following is probably true according to passage?

A．The robots will fly around the city center like real birds.

B．Pigeons get fat because they eat seeds and insects.

C．Liverpool is the European Capital of Culture.

D．The pigeons like the food that people give them.

答案：

【小题1】C

【小题2】B

【小题3】D

解析试题分析：本文叙述了利物浦市政厅要市民清楚，他们喂养的鸽子目前严重影响了市民的居住环境，建议把他们放到公园或者空旷的地方，并且目前政府已经采取了一些措施。他们希望在两年后这个城市成为欧洲文化之都。

【小题1】细节理解题。根据The council want people to know that everyone who feeds the pigeons makes the streets crowded (拥挤)with these birds.鸽子使城市变得拥挤，故选C。

【小题2】细节理解题。根据they look like a peregrine falcon, which is a bird that kills pigeons故选B。

【小题3】细节理解题。根据They say that people are feeding the birds, which makes them fat.鸽子吃了人们喂它们的食物而变得很肥，故选D。

点评：细节理解题可以分为集中型细节理解题和分散型细节理解题。集中型：就文章的单个细节提问，答案在原文中出现的位置一般也位于单句话或几句话中。因为具体细节不同，出题形式千变万化，因题而异。分散型：题目涉及到文章某一段或几段，甚至贯穿全文的各个位置，需要考生寻找文章中的多个细节。请注意，分散型细节理解题并不意味着题目的正确答案出现在文章的不同位置，正确答案往往也是关于文章的某一个句子或细节。只是说文章的干扰选项是关于不同的细节，需要我们在定位的时候阅读某一个区域。

【4】

Scientists would like to place a huge mirror in space above the earth. It might be sixty miles wide. It would be used to catch the rays (光线) of the sun. It would direct the sun’s rays upon the earth as a child might do to make sunlight dance on the wall with a hand mirror.

Why do they want to do this? The sun’s rays could be helpful in many ways. They could light up cities by night. The warm rays could stop frosts (霜冻) which might come at night and hurt fruit crops. They could melt (融化) dangerous icebergs in the ocean. Perhaps they could change cloud movements and bring rain where it is needed.

【小题1】The huge mirror would ______.

A．stand 60 miles in height (高度)     B．be 60 miles from side to side

C．cover 60 miles of the earth   D．be 60 miles above the earth

【小题2】The mirror would be used to ______.

A．reflect (反射) sunlight    B．absorb (吸收) sunlight

C．see what the earth looks like D．see how clouds move

【小题3】The strong light from the mirror could possibly ______.

A．hurt fruit crops       B．set fire to cities

C．bring longer daytime     D．shine through walls

【小题4】The huge mirror is ______.

A．something in a story      B．already made

C．just an idea     D．to be made soon

答案：

【小题1】B

【小题2】A

【小题3】C

【小题4】C

解析试题分析：本文叙述了科学家的一种想象，在地球的上方放一面60英里宽的镜子，它可以用来为城市延长照明的时间，它的能量可以融化霜冻，以防霜冻冻坏庄稼。还可以融化冰山，能够改变云的运动以便在需要雨的地方降雨。

【小题1】细节理解题。根据It might be sixty miles wide.故选B。

【小题2】细节理解题。根据It would be used to catch the rays (光线) of the sun. It would direct the sun’s rays upon the earth as a child might do to make sunlight dance on the wall with a hand mirror. 镜子能反射阳光，故选A。

【小题3】细节理解题。根据They could light up cities by night. 故选C。

【小题4】细节理解题。根据Scientists would like to place a huge mirror in space above the earth. It might be sixty miles wide. 这是科学家的想象出来的，故选C。

点评：细节题为阅读考题的重头戏，所占比例高达80% ，相对而言较简单，因为这类题虽然要求理解准确，但基本上限于字面意义的理解，范围也限于局部，因此是我们可望得高分的部分。细节题绝大部分体现“中心思想是解”这一原理。本文都是细节理解题，在文中比较容易找到答案。