序号

单 词

熟 义

生 义

学 习 要 点

81

raise

提高,提升

筹募(钱等)；筹集

raise funds筹集资金

提出

raise a question提出问题

饲养.种植.养育

raise corn and soybeans.种玉米和大豆

raise chickens and corn 养鸡和种植玉蜀黍

raise children.抚养孩子

引起

raise a laugh引起一阵大笑

raise doubts引起怀疑

82

reach

到达(vt); 伸出（将身体的一部分）

联系

I've been trying all day to reach him on the telephone.(reach=get through to)我整天都在打电话找他.

(手/能力可及之)距离.范围

within reach of the shops 买东西很方便的地方

The ball was out of reach.我够不着这个球。

within one’s reach/ out of one’s reach

达成（结论.协议）

reach an agreement达成协议

reach no conclusion 没有得出结论

延伸, 达到(to, into)

The speaker’s voice didn’t reach to the back of the hall.讲演者的声音传不到大厅的后座。

The garden reaches down to the lake.

花园一直延伸到湖边。

流域

the upper/lower reaches of a river河的上游/ 下游

83

ready

有准备的,准备完毕的

1.甘心的, 情愿的

He was ready to believe her.他愿意相信她

He is always ready to help others.他总是乐于帮助他人。

2.随时可有的，现成的；在手边

ready money /cash现金sleep with his sword ready睡觉时把剑放在身边

84

read

读, 朗读.阅读

1. 看懂,理解

It’s hard to read the expression on his face.难以理解他脸上的表情。How do you read the sentence?你怎样理解这句话?I can’t read your short-hand notes.我看不懂你的速记符号。Read the clock 看钟Read a map 看地图Read music识乐谱

2.显示

The thermometer reads 80 degrees Fahrenheit.

温度计显示华氏80度。

85

realize

意识到；明白

实现

realize the modernization of their country.

实现国家现代化。

realized his lifelong ambition实现他毕生的理想

86

recognize

认出; 认识;辨认

承认；认可

to recognize a new government 承认一个新政府He recognized that he was beaten.他认输了。

87

reduce

减少[小,轻]; 缩减.降低（价格等）

使处于某种状态;使变成, 使成为

be reduced to a shadow骨瘦如柴

be reduced to despair陷入绝望

The poor woman is reduced to begging.

那个可怜的女人已沦为乞丐。

89

refer

谈[涉, 提]及, 提到,指(的是)；参考.查阅（与to 连用）

1.提交,委托

refer a question to an expert把问题提交给专家(处理)The shop referred the complaint to the manufacturers.商店把投诉转交给制造商。

2.向...打听[查询]（与to 连用）

refer to sb. for information向某人打听消息

90

regard

把...视为,看作;

1.尊重,尊敬

（v / n）

regard sb. highly尊重某人

pay regard to public opinion重视舆论

out of regard for出于对...的重视, 出于对...的考虑

2.[pl.]问候, 致意(n)

with best regards谨致问候

Please give my regards to your mother.

请向你妈妈问候。

注意: 考纲中要求掌握：

remember me to sb.代向某人问好

91

regular

有规律的；定期的, 定时的；经常的, 习惯性的, 惯例的;

3.[美]普通的

Do you want king size cigarettes or regular size?

你要长枝的还是一般(长短)的香烟?

keep regular hours过有规律的生活

a regular air service定期航班

a regular customer老主顾

a regular meeting例会

92

relation

关系

1. 亲戚；亲属; 亲属关系

Some of my relations, my mother's aunt and uncle, live in America.

93

relative

有关的, 相关的

1. 相对的, 相比较的

live in relative comfort生活得较为舒适the period of relative stability相对稳定时期

2.亲戚

relative = relation

补充：the facts relative to the problem

与此问题有关的事实

94

remain

依然, 仍然.

；保持;（be still）

1.停留,留下

remain in one's mind留在记忆中How many weeks will you remain [stay] here?你将在此停留几个星期?remain out呆在外面,留在户外

remain in呆在家里

2.剩余,余留;

Only a few trees remain.只留下了一些树

He remains a teacher / weak .These matters remain in doubt.这些事情仍然值得怀疑。

A cure remains to be found.尚待发现的疗法

It remains to be seen还要看情况发展。

it remains to be seen尚待分晓

Nothing remains but to只要...就行了

注意: 该词只有不及物用法，没有被动；remaining( adj.剩下的)

95

respect

尊敬；尊重

(v /n)

1.[pl.]敬意, 问候

give one's respects to向...致候

2.着眼点,方面

I think you are wrong in every respect .我觉得你各方面都错了。in all respects (=in every respect)无论在哪方面[哪一点]来看, 在各方面in many respects在许多方面

3.重视,关心, 考虑

We must pay respect to the needs of the general reader我们必须关心一般读者的需要。

96

roll

滚动,(使)摇摆, 卷起;轧碾; 杆面(v)

roll up the map.把地图卷起来。

She rolled the string into a ball.

她把线卷成一团。

滚; 摇摆,

卷状物;卷

(学校.军队等的)点名簿;名单

He rolled himself from side to side.

他左右摇晃。

a roll of film 一卷电影胶片call the roll 点名

student roll学生名册The thunder rolled in the distance.远处雷声隆隆。(隆隆地响)

a roll of thunder 隆隆的雷声

rock-and-rolln.摇滚乐, 摇滚舞

97

rush

猛冲，奔跑，快速移动或行动;(v)

急忙；仓促(n)

仓促；匆忙

冒失地做；

仓促完成，赶紧做(v)

rushed completion of the project.仓促完成这个项目rush headlong（轻率地）into marriage.仓促轻率地结了婚。

rush to make a decision仓促做决定

催促(v)

Don't rush me.别催我。

An ambulance rushed her to the hospital.

救护车把它急匆匆地送到医院

蜂拥.急切而焦急地到或离开某个地方(n)

a rush to the goldfields.淘金热

gold rush淘金热

抢购.急需

(n)

抢购热潮Christmas rush 圣诞节抢购热潮

a rush for gold coins.抢购金币

忙碌.普遍的繁忙或忙碌

(n)

The office always operates in a rush.办公室的工作总是很繁忙The traffic on the streets during the rush hours came to a standstill.

高峰期间马路上的交通车辆处于停止状态

1. rush sb.off his feet逼迫人忙得不亦乐乎

2. rush out赶制出They rushed out 1000 copies of the book.他们赶印出1000册书。

3. I don't like the rush of modern life.

我不喜欢快节奏的现代生活。

98

save

挽救, .解救

节省, 储蓄

保存, 保全,保留,

1.免除，避免

save me much trouble 免去我很多麻烦

saved the tourist from being cheated

使旅游者免于受骗save sb.from

从...救出某人, 使免于[不致, 不受]...

save one's face保全面子 save one's neck明哲保身 She saves（vi）in every way she can

她在各方面尽量节省。(God)save us!(表示惊讶)天啊! save (one's) breath别白费劲儿。

99

seat

座, 座位(n)

使就座

1.（桌子）有座位；（屋子）可容纳若干人；为…提供座位

The big table can seat 20 guests.

The hall can only seat less than 100 people.

We can seat 300 in the auditorium.

我们这个礼堂可容纳三百人

2.使或帮助…坐下;给…安排座位

seat the members of the bride's family.引座员会引导新娘的家人就座seat me in the back row.

给我在后排提供一个座位。

seat oneself ; be seated ; find sb. seated at the back of the room；the people seated in the front

注意seat 的用法，该词为及物动词。考试说明中有要求掌握：be seated。

100

seek

寻找，寻求(常与for/ after 连用)

企图，试图；图谋求得

请 求，征求

I will seek my doctor's advice.我将请教医生的意见。seek directions from a police officer.

向警官询问方向

补充：Seek and you will find.找一找，你就会发现seek shelter from rain寻找避雨的地方

seeking information;查询信息He sought to make peace.他企图讲和。seek to do good.试图行善seek help求助

注意seek 的过去式和过去分词 sought;

101

sense

官能, 感觉

……感

1.意义（n）

in a sense在某一方面；就某种意义来说

make sense有意义；意思清楚；有道理

make sense of理解；懂；明白

2.感觉;觉察，意识到（v）

He sensed that his proposals were unwelcome.

他觉得他的建议不受欢迎。The dog sensed that I was afraid.这只狗感觉到我害怕了。

Sense the danger察觉到危险

a high sense of responsibility to the revolution

高度的革命责任感common sense常识[理]

There is a lot of sense in what he says.他的话颇有道理。

102

sentence

句子

判决, 宣判(v / n)

刑罚(n)

sentence sb.to death判处某人死刑sentence sb.to 5 years in prison判处某人5年徒刑under sentence of death被判处死刑serve one's sentence服刑capital sentence极刑,死刑

a life sentence无期徒刑，终身监禁

He received a heavy sentence.他受到很重的刑罚。

103

serve

服务(vt), 服役(vi)

1.提供，准备（如食物）：

serve breakfast供应早餐

2.可做；适于

This box will serve for a seat.这箱子可当作座椅。This platform would serve as a port and a railway station.这个平台将用作港口和火车站。

3.上(菜);斟(酒)

serve coffee hot把咖啡趁热端上来

serve tea.上茶

4.担任职务

serve as an interpreter担任译员

It serves him right.他活该。

serve the people heart and soul全心全意地为人民服务

104

service

服役; 服务

1.公职部门；政府部门；服务机构

China Travel Service中国旅行社The US Customs Service美国海关总署the security service 保安部

2.仪式；宗教仪式

Morning service will be at 11 o'clock.

早礼拜将在11点进行。

3.公共设施

服务行业

the telephone service电话设施

The train service to the capital is very good.

去首都的火车服务设施非常好。

Service station (美)加油站

on active service 服现役

at your service听您吩咐；随时供您使用

do sb. a service给某人帮忙

105

settle

解决, (使)定居

使平静,使镇定[稳定]

settle (oneself) down to work安下心来工作

停留, 停息

The bird settled on the wire.鸟停在电线上。

106

sharp

锐利的,尖的；（目光）敏锐的;（思维）敏捷的；（言词）尖刻的

准时地；整（adv）

at seven o'clock sharp 七点整

突然的；急剧的

a sharp turn to the left向左急转a sharp decline急剧下降 a sharp turn急转弯 a sharp pain.剧痛 a sharp picture 清晰图像

补充：

be sharp in thought思维敏捷。"

107

shoulder

肩, 肩部

用肩抗；肩负, 承当

shoulder the heavy boxes肩抗重盒

shoulder the responsibility承担责任

用肩推，挤

shoulder people aside用肩膀把人挤开

shoulder one's way through the crowd

用肩从人群中挤过

补充：shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩

108

sign

标记, 符号,牌子,告示；征兆,迹象；签名; 签署

1.身势，姿势；信号(n)

He made a sign for me to follow him.

他向我示意跟着他（走）。

2.做手势示意(vi / vt)

He signed to /for me to be quiet.

He signed me to be quiet.他做手势要我安静。

There are no signs of life about the house.这房子没有有人住的迹象。sign in签到 sign out签名登记外出sign up for military service报名从军sign up for a pottery course.报名参加陶器制作课程

109

solid

固体, 立体(n).固体的,实心的,坚固的, 结实的, 立体的(adj)

不间断的；连续的

two solid hours足足两个小时

真实的,可靠的,理由充分的

a solid friend可靠的朋友

solid arguments理由充分的论点

110

sort

n.种类, 类别

分类, 拣选;整理

"Sort out these papers and fasten them together with a clip, please." "请把这些文件整理一下,用夹子夹在一起。"

补充：有几分；有点；相当(Somewhat; rather)

I sort of expected it.我料到几分了。

He is sort of disappointed.他有点失望。

111

sound

声音（n）

听起来(vi)

使发声[响]

吹号命令[通知,庆祝],吹...号

sound a horn吹号角

sound the alarm发警报

完好的；健全的

A sound mind in a sound body.健全的精神寓于健全的身体。get home safe and sound平安到家

合理的，正确的

sound advice 正确的忠告

可靠的，稳妥的

sound basis 稳固的基础

sound friends 忠实的朋友

彻底的，完全的

A sound sleep 酣睡

彻底地；充分地

be sound asleep

His explanation sounds all right.他的解释似乎有理。Your idea sounds a good one.你的想法听起来很好。sound a good idea / like a good idea.

不用： sound to be a good idea

112

spare

备用的; .多余的, 剩下的

节约, 吝惜(用于否定)

spare no efforts [pains]不遗余力

spare no expense不惜工本

放过, 饶恕

He does not spare himself.他对自已要求很严。

spare sb.'s life

免除；使省去

He did the work to spare you the trouble.

他做了那件事使你免去麻烦。

抽出，匀出；让与

Can you spare me this book for a while? 这本书能让我看一会儿吗?Can you spare me a few litres of petrol? 你能匀给我几公升汽油吗?

Can you spare the time to help me?

你能抽出这段时间帮我吗?

补充：

1）in your spare time ;

a spare tire 备用轮胎a spare ticket退票

2）to spare剩余；多余

We paid our bills and had money to spare.

我们付帐后还有节余