雅思阅读判断题Not Given选项分析

　　题目: The 24-hour society will have a negative effect on people’s attitudes to work.

　　分析：

　　第一步：确定题目中的定位词。本题是明显的数字定位。24-hour society是明显的定位词。而本题中的关键词或考点词是表示结果的一个短语have a negative effect on。另外一个定位词是attitudes to work。

　　第二步; 定位词到原文中定位。24-hour society出现在原文的第一句。但是原文中无法定位任何表示因果关系的词组。而且通过浏览原文也无法搜索到有关people’s attitudes to work的信息。

　　因此，可以判断本题的答案是Not Given。

　　Ⅲ. 题目中有表示趋势的词组，而在原文中无法找到相关的表述，则答案判断为Not Given。

　　原文: The future, we are told, is likely to be different. Detailed surveys of social and economic trends in the European Community show that Europe’s population is falling and getting older. The birth rate in the Community is now only three-quarters of the level needed to ensure replacement of the existing population. By the year 2020, it is predicted that more than one in four Europeans will be aged 60 or more and barely one in five will be under 20. In a five-year period between 1983 and 1988 the Community’s female workforce grew by almost six million. As a result, 51% of all women aged 14 to 64 are now economically active in the labour market compared with 78% of men.

　　题目: The rise in the female workforce in the European Community is a positive trend.

　　分析：

　　第一步：确定题目中的定位词。本题中的定位词是两个专有名词female workforce和European Community，专有名词在文章中一般来说不会发生同义转化。而题目中的句子的表语a positive trend则是判断的关键。

　　第二步; 定位词到原文中定位。原文中的一句话In a five-year period between 1983 and 1988 the Community’s female workforce grew by almost six million. 同时提到题目中的两个关键词。而且原文中的grew和题目中的rise构成了同义词转化和词性转化。

　　第三步：原文中的关键词a positive trend在原文的定位句中并没有出现，而且通过上下文的信息搜索，也没有相关的任何信息，因此答案为not given。

　　Ⅳ. 题目中表示明确的作者意图，而在文章中无法清晰理解此意图，则答案判断为Not Given。

　　例：

　　原文: I would suggest that foxes pose a greater problem, yet there is no passionate public campaign to oust foxes, presumably because it is obvious we can never eliminate the millions of wild foxes in Australia. Yet the same common sense thinking is not applied to cats. It is thought instead that, if everyone would only spay their cats, string bells around their necks and keep them in at night, cats would no longer kill wildlife. But what of the millions of feral cats in our deserts and woodlands? They are the bigger problem, but they are no more controllable than foxes or cane toads.

　　题目: The author believes that all wild foxes should be killed.

　　分析：

　　第一步：确定题目中的定位词。本题中的定位词是wild foxes。而题目中的关键词(或称为考点词)的词是all和be killed。此外，另外一个核心的考点是The author believes……。

　　第二步; 定位词到原文中定位。原文的第一句提到了上述的定位词和考点词。文章原句是I would suggest that foxes pose a greater problem, yet there is no passionate public campaign to oust foxes, presumably because it is obvious we can never eliminate the millions of wild foxes in Australia.

　　第三步：比较题目和文章原句的含义：

　　题目的中文意思是：作者认为应该杀死所有的野生狐狸。

　　原文句子的意思是：我的观点是狐狸引起了更加严重的问题，但是公众却没有什么热情去开展活动驱逐狐狸，这大概是因为在澳洲要消灭所有的狐狸显然是不可能的。

　　通过比较我们发现作者的观点在原文中和题目中是没有共同点的。

　　所以本题判断为not given。

　　Ⅴ. 题目句子中的主谓宾结构在原文中无法对应，则答案判断为Not Given。

　　原文: In the last 20 years, scientists have detected an increasing variety of toxic contaminants in the North, including pesticides from agriculture, chemicals and heavy metals from industry, and even radioactive fall-out from Chernobyl. These are substances that have invaded ecosystems virtually worldwide, but they are especially worrisome in the Arctic.

　　题目: Industry in the Arctic has increased over the last 20 years.

　　分析：

　　第一步：确定题目中的定位词。定位词分别是时间表达式over the last 20 years，专有名词Arctic和主语Industry。另外，考点词是increased。

　　第二步：定位词到原文中定位。文章原句是: In the last 20 years, scientists have detected an increasing variety of toxic contaminants in the North, including pesticides from agriculture, chemicals and heavy metals from industry, 我们发现在原文中的时间对应词和题目中的相同，而Arctic在原文中也没有变化。而考点词在原文中转化成了increasing。原文的表述是 an increasing variety of toxic contaminants，说明增加的是variety of toxic contaminants，而题目中的主语是Industry。而industry在文章中的表述是……heavy metals from industry。但这并不能判断工业是否增长。所以本题判断为not given。

　　Ⅵ. 题目和原文都有比较，但是比较对象不同，则答案判断为Not Given。

　　原文: Scientists have found that a smoked substance reaches the brain more quickly than one swallowed, snorted (such as cocaine powder) or even injected.

　　题目: Snorted substances reach the brain faster than injected substances.

　　分析：

　　题目和原文都有比较，比较的关键词是reach the brain faster than，原文中有一个同义词转换结构reaches the brain more quickly than。其中faster和more quickly构成了同义词转换的用法。

　　题目中比较的两方面是Snorted substances和injected substances。而原文的比较内容是a smoked substance和swallowed, snorted (such as cocaine powder) or even injected。题目中的比较对象在原文中是并列关系，因此无法进行比较，所以答案判断为not given。

　　Ⅶ. 题目中表示现在状况，而文章中表示将来的可能性，则答案判断为Not Given;反之亦然。

　　原文: Nearly half the world’s population will experience critical water shortages by 2025, according to the United Nations (UN). Wars over access to water are a rising possibility in this century and the main conflicts in Africa during the next 25 years could be over this most precious of commodities, as countries fight for access to scarce resources.

　　题目: Some African countries are currently at war over water resources.

　　分析：

　　题目中定位词African countries，war，water在原文中都可以定位相应的词汇。 但是题目中的关键词是currently，而在文章中的表述是……during the next 25 years could be……。现在和将来的两种状态无法进行比较。所以答案判断为not given。

　　Ⅷ. 原文中有表示极端的修饰词如most, all, any等，而在文章中无法搜索到相关的同义表述，则答案判断为Not Given。

　　原文: Hydroelectric power is at present the earth’s chief renewable electricity source, generating 6% of global energy and about 15% of worldwide electricity. Hydroelectric power in Canada is plentiful and provides 60% of their electrical requirements. Usually regarded as an inexpensive and clean source of electricity, most big hydroelectric projects being planned today are facing a great deal of hostility from environmental groups and local people.

　　题目: Canada uses the most hydroelectric power in the world today.

　　分析：

　　通过题目中的两个专有名词Canada和hydroelectric power定位。原文提到了Hydroelectric power in Canada is plentiful and provides 60% of their electrical requirements. 但是并没有说到most……in the world today。从上下文的关系来看文章中提到的most big hydroelectric projects being planned today are facing a great deal of hostility from environmental groups and local people也与题目的表述无关。。所以答案判断为not given。