雅思阅读全真练习系列（十）

　　E.In the 1980s it was hoped that private universities might make a difference. Witten-Herdecke University， founded in 1980， was the first. Teaching at IUB， which will change its name to Jacobs University soon， began in 2001. Today， there are 69 (non-faith-based) private institutions of higher learning， up from 24 a decade ago. There is growing competition， particularly among business schools.

　　F.At the same time the states have been introducing private enterprise into higher education. In 2003 Lower Saxony turned five universities into foundations， with more autonomy. Others have won more control over their own budgets. Some states have also started to charge tuition fees. And in October a jury announced the winners of the first round of the “excellence initiative”—a national competition among universities for extra cash.

　　G.Yet all this has led to only small improvements. Private universities educate only 3% of Germany's 2m-odd students， which may be why they find it hard to raise money. It also explains why many focus on lucrative subjects， such as the Bucerius Law School in Hamburg. Others have come to depend on public money. Only recently have rich individuals' foundations made big investments， as at IUB or at the Hertie School of Governance in Berlin.

　　H.Public universities， meanwhile， still have not been granted much autonomy. There is less direct control， but far more “administered competition”： a new bureaucracy to check the achievement of certain goals. This might all be avoided through price competition， but tuition fees， now €1，000 a year on average， are fixed centrally by each state. The excellence initiative is a mere drop in the bucket.

　　I.That is why Mr. Jacobs's donation matters. For the first time， Germany will have a private university worth the name and with a solid financial footing (if it keeps up its academic performance， that is： Mr Jacobs has promised to donate €15m annually over the next five years and another €125m in 2011 to boost the endowment， but only if things go well)。 If it works， other rich Germans may be tempted into investing in higher education too.

　　J.Even so， private universities will play a small part in German higher education for the foreseeable future. This does not mean that public universities should be privatised. But they need more autonomy and an incentive to compete with one another—whether for students， staff or donors. With luck， Mr Jacobs's gift will not only induce other German billionaires to follow suit， but also help to persuade the states to set their universities free.

　　Do the following statemets reflect the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 1?

　　Write your answer in Boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet.

　　TRUE if the statement reflets the claims of the writer

　　FALSE if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer

　　NOT GIVEN if it is possbile to say what the writer thinks about this

　　1. Mr. Jacob‘s donation to the IUB is more likely to result in a firmer approach to the managemnt of German higher education.

　　2. German higher education is a mainly state-run affair primarily because universities were intended to train top civil servants.

　　3. The reforms in the sector of German tertiaray education in the 1970s produced the opposite result to the one which it intended.

　　4. The Bucerius Law School in Hamburg offers profitable business opprtunities for its students to make money for tuition fees.

　　5. Mr. Jacob would like to donate €125 million annually over the next five years to IUB on the condition that things go well .

　　6. Private universities will continue to play a small role in German higher education for quite a long period of time in the future.

　　Complet the following sentencces.

　　Choose A FIGURE (NUMBER OR PERCENTAGE) from Reading Passage 1 for each answer.

　　Write your answer in Boxes 7-10 on your answer sheet.

　　7. German government spends ______of its GDP on the sectorof higher education.

　　8. ______ less of young people obtain a degree in Germany than in America.

　　9. There are ______more private insitutions of higher learning now than a decade ago.

　　10.Currently， there are over ______million German students studying in universities.

　　Choose the appropriate letters A-D and write them in boxes 11-13 on your answe sheet.

　　11. Which of the following features about German higher education is NOT true：

　　A. The number of studenst drop out in the tertiary educatoin is one of the highest among the rich countries in the world.

　　B. The universities have a higher position in the scale of the world concerning the number of students obtaining a degree.

　　C. The public univerities exercise fairly less autonomy and they also experience more “administratered competition ”。

　　D. The competition among the private universities is becoming incresingly tough and it is espceially true of business schools.

　　12. The word “scrapped” in the first line of the fourth paragraph means___________.

　　A. raised

　　B. lowered

　　C. charged.

　　D. cancelled

　　13. What benefits will Jacob‘s donation bring about for German tertiaray education?

　　A. It will enable the International univerity Bremen to have a tight financial base.

　　B. It will cause the other wealthiest Gemans to save as much money as he does .

　　C. It will help the states grant more authority to their univerisites in the future.

　　D. It will tempt the good students studying abroad for a degree to return to Germany.

　　副标题#e#